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the nearer

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1 οὗτος

οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο, gen. τούτου, ταύτης, τούτου, etc.: the dual fem. never in [dialect] Att., v. ὁ, ἡ, τό, init.:—demonstr. Pron.,

A this, common from Hom. downwds.

A ORIGIN and FORMS: οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο prob. arose from a reduplication of the demonstr. ὁ, ἡ, τό with insertion of - υ- (= Skt. Particle u), e.g. ταῦτα fr. τα-υ-τα: [dialect] Dor. gen. sg. fem. τούτας Philol.11
; nom. pl. τοῦτοι, ταῦται A.D.Synt.111.23
: the former occurs Sophr.24, GDI 3045 B 6 ([place name] Selinus), SIG339.16 (Rhodes, iii B. C.), etc., the latter is dub. in Sophr.97, certain in SIG 241 B117 (Delph., iv B. C.): in [dialect] Boeot. all forms begin with οὑτ-, as gen. sg. neut. οὕτω Supp.Epigr.3.359.11
(iii B. C.); acc. sg. fem. οὕταν Corinn. Supp.2.80
; acc. pl. neut. οὗτα SIG1185.20
(Tanagra, iii B. C.), etc.: gen. pl. fem. [dialect] Att. τούτων, Cret. ταυτᾶν Leg.Gort.5.19
; neut. ταύτων Michel 1334.10
(Elis, iv B. C.).—In [dialect] Ion. sts. written ταότην, ταο̄τα, SIG283.19 (Chios, iv B. C.), 46.7 (Halic., v B. C.), al.—In [dialect] Att. οὗτος was freq. strengthd. by the demonstr. -ί, οὑτοσί, αὑτηί, τουτί, gen. τουτουί, dat. τουτῳί, acc. τουτονί; pl. nom. οὑτοιί, neut. ταυτί, etc., this man here: sts. a Particle is inserted between the Pron. and -ί, as αὑτηγί for αὑτηί γε, Ar.Ach. 784; τουτογί for τουτί γε, Id.V. 781, Av. 894, al.; ταυταγί for ταυτί γε, Id.Eq. 492, Pax 1057, al.; τουτοδί for τουτὶ δέ, Id.Pl. 227; τουτουμενί for τουτουὶ μέν, Id.Ra. 965.—In codd. the ν ἐφελκυστικόν is sts. added in the forms οὑτοσίν, οὑτωσίν, and οὑτοσίν is said to be [dialect] Att. by A.D.Pron.59.24, 82.11. [This ι is always long, and a long vowel or diphthong before it becomes short, as αὑτη?οὗτοςXί, τουτω?οὗτοςXί, οὑτοῐί, Ar.Nu. 201, Pl.44, Ach.40, etc.]

B USAGE in regard to CONCORD. οὗτος is freq. used as a Pron. Subst.: hence neut. is folld. by gen., κατὰ τοῦτο τῆς ἀκροπόλιος Hdt. 1.84
; εἰς τοῦθ' ὕβρεως ἐλήλυθεν D.4.37
; εἰς τοῦθ' ἥκεις μανίας Id.36.48
; ταῦτα τῶν μαθημάτων Pl.Euthd. 278b
: but quite as freq. as Adj., in which case its Subst. commonly takes the Art., οὗτος ὁ ἀνήρ or ὁ ἀνὴρ οὗτος.—But the Art. is absent,

1 always in [dialect] Ep. Poets (exc. Od.18.114), οὗτος ἀνήρ Il.14.471
, Od.1.406, etc.: sts. also in Trag., A.Pers. 122 (lyr.), 495, S.Ph. 406, OC 471, 1177: once in an Inscr., τοπεῖα: τούτων τὰ ἡμίσεα τοπείων IG22.1622.135
(iv B. C.).

2 sts. when the Noun is so specified that the Art. is not needed, ἐς γῆν ταύτην.., ἥντινα νῦν Σκύθαι νέμονται Hdt.4.8
; ταύτας ἃς οἱ πατέρες παρέδοσαν μελέτας Th. 1.85
, cf. Pl.R. 449d, etc.; πατὴρ σὸς οὗτος, ὃν θρηνεῖς ἀεί S.El. 530
.

3 when οὗτος is used in local sense, here, v. infr. c. 1.5.

4 when the Noun with which οὗτος agrees stands as its Predicate, αὕτη γὰρ ἦν σοι πρόφασις S.Ph. 1034
; δικαστοῦ αὕτη ἀρετή [ἐστι] Pl.Ap. 18a: this exception extends to cases in which the Predicate is not so distinctly separated from the Subject, αἰτίαι μὲν αὗται προυγεγένηντο these were the grievances which already existed, Th.1.66; ταύτην φήμην παρέδοσαν this was the report which.., Pl.Phlb. 16c: freq. with a [comp] Sup., κίνησις αὕτη μεγίστη δὴ.. ἐγένετο this was notably the greatest movement which.., Th.1.1, cf. 3.113: with πρῶτος Id.1.55
,98, 6.31, Ev.Luc. 2.2.

5 when [ per.] 3rd pers. is used for [ per.] 2nd to express contempt, οὗτος ἀνήρ, οὑτοσὶ ἀνήρ, Pl.Grg. 467b, 489b, etc.

II though οὗτος usu. agrees with the Noun that serves as Predicate, it is not rare to find it in the neut., μανία δὲ καὶ τοῦτ' ἐστί E.Ba. 305
; τοῦτο γάρ εἰσι.. εὔθυναι D.19.82
, etc.: and in pl., οὐκ ἔστι ταῦτα ἀρχή Aeschin. 3.13
; ταῦτ' ἐστὶν ὁ προδότης Id.2.166
: so with an explanatory clause added, τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν ὁ συκοφάντης, αἰτιᾶσθαι μὲν πάντα ἐξελέγξαι δὲ μηδέν D.57.34
.

2 so also with a Noun in apposition, τούτοισιν μὲν ταῦτα μέλει, κίθαρις καὶ ἀοιδή Od.1.159
; τούτου τιμῶμαι, ἐν πρυτανείῳ σιτήσεως Pl.Ap. 36e
, cf. E.Fr.323.3, etc.

3 the neut. also may refer to a masc. or fem. Noun, καρπὸν φορέει κυάμῳ ἴσον: τοῦτο ἐπεὰν γένηται πέπον κτλ. Hdt.4.23, cf. X.An.1.5.10, etc.

4 the neut. is also used of classes of persons, μελιτοπῶλαι καὶ τυροπῶλαι: τοῦτο δ' εἰς ἕν ἐστι συγκεκυφός Ar.Eq. 854
, cf. Pl.Lg. 711a; or of an abstract fact, οὐκ Ἰοφῶν ζῇ;—τοῦτο γάρ τοι καὶ μόνον ἔτ' ἐστὶ λοιπὸν ἀγαθόν Ar.Ra.73
.

III with Prons.,

1 personal, οὗτος σύ, in local sense, v. infr. c.1.5.

2 interrog., τί τοῦτ' ἔλεξας; what is this that.. ? S.Ph. 1173 (lyr.), cf. Ant.7; ποίοισι τούτοις; for ποῖά ἐστι ταῦτα οἷς [ἔχεις ἐλπίδα]; Id.OC 388, cf.Ant. 1049; Νέστορ' ἔρειο ὅν τινα τοῦτον ἄγει whom he brings here, Il.11.612.

3 with οἷος, Od.20.377, Pl.Phd. 61c.

4 possess., πατὴρ σὸς οὗτος this father of thine, S.El. 530, cf. X.An.7.3.30.

5 demonstr., οὗτος ἐκεῖνος, τὸν σὺ ζητέεις, where ἐκεῖνος is the Predicate, Hdt.1.32; τοῦτ' ἔστ' ἐκεῖνο E. Hel. 622
, cf. Or. 804; αὐτὸ τοῦτο, v. αὐτός 1.7; τοῦτον τὸν αὐτὸν ἄνδρα this same man, S.Ph. 128.

b exceptionally, Διφίλου οὗτος ὅδ' ἐστὶ τύπος IG12(5).300
([place name] Paros).

6 ἄλλος τις οὗτος ἀνέστη another man here, Od.20.380.

IV with Numerals, τέθνηκε ταῦτα τρία ἔτη these three years, Lys.7.10codd.; [στρατείαν] ἑνδέκατον μῆνα τουτονὶ ποιεῖται for these eleven months, D.8.2, cf. 3.4; τριακοστὴν ταύτην ἡμέραν Men.Epit.27
; ταύτας τριάκοντα μνᾶς D.27.23
, cf. Pl.Grg. 463b, etc.

C SIGNIFICATION AND SPECIAL IDIOMS:

I this, to designate the nearer, opp. ἐκεῖνος, that, the more remote, ταῦτα, like τὰ ἐνταῦθα, things round and about us, earthly things, Pl.Phd. 75e (v. l.); cf. ὅδε init.: but οὗτος sts. indicates that which is not really nearest, but most important, δεῖ.. τὸ βέλτιστον ἀεί, μὴ τὸ ῥᾷστον λέγειν: ἐπὶ ἐκεῖνο μὲν γὰρ ἡ φύσις αὐτὴ βαδιεῖται, ἐπὶ τοῦτο δὲ κτλ. D.8.72, cf. 51.3 and 18.

2 when, of two things, one precedes and the other follows, ὅδε prop. refers to what follows, οὗτος to what precedes, οὐκ ἔστι σοι ταῦτ', ἀλλά σοι τάδ' ἔστι S.OC 787
, cf. ὅδε III. 2: freq., however, where there are not two things, οὗτος refers to what follows, Il. 13.377, Od.2.306, etc.; οὔκουν.. τοῦτο γιγνώσκεις, ὅτι .. ; A.Pr. 379, etc.

3 οὗτος is used emphat., generally in contempt, while ἐκεῖνος denotes praise, ὁ πάντ' ἄναλκις οὗτος, i.e. Aegisthus, S.El. 301; τούτους τοὺς συκοφάντας Pl.Cri. 45a
; so D.de Coron. uses οὗτος of Aeschines, ἐκεῖνος of Philip; but οὗτος is used of Philip, D.2.15, 4.3.

b of what is familiar, τούτους τοὺς πολυτελεῖς χιτῶνας, of the Persians, X.An.1.5.8; οἱ τὰς τελετὰς.. οὗτοι καταστήσαντες Pl.Phd. 69c
, cf. Men. 80a; τὸ θυλακῶδες τοῦτο the familiar bag-like thing, Thphr.HP3.7.3, cf. 3.18.11, 4.7.1; οἱ τὰς κόρας ταύτας ὠνούμενοι τοῖς παισίν D.Chr.31.153
.

4 in [dialect] Att. law-language, οὗτος is commonly applied to the opponent, whether plaintiff (as in Aeschin. 2.130 ) or defendant (as in Id.1.1); so, in the political speeches of D., οὗτοι are the opposite party, 4.1, 8.7, etc.; but in the forensic speeches, οὗτοι freq. means the judges, the court, 21.134, 36.47.

5 much like an Adv., in local sense (cf. ὅδε init.), τίς δ' οὗτος κατὰ νῆας.. ἔρχεαι; who art thou here that comest.. ? Il.10.82; freq. in [dialect] Att., τίς οὑτοσί; who's this here? Ar.Ach. 1048; πολλὰ ὁρῶ ταῦτα πρόβατα I see many sheep here, X.An.3.5.9 (as v.l.): with Pron. of 2 pers., οὗτος σύ ho you! you there! S.OT 532, 1121, E.Hec. 1280, etc.: and then οὗτος alone like a voc., οὗτος, τί ποιεῖς; A.Supp. 911,cf.S.Aj.71, E.Alc. 773, Ar.Eq. 240, Nu. 220, al.: with a pr. n., ὦ οὗτος, Αἴας S.Aj.89
; ὦ οὗτος οὗτος, Οἰδίπους Id.OC 1627
, cf. Ar.V. 1364: with voc., βέντισθ' οὗτος Theoc.5.76
:—the fem. is rarer, αὕτη E.Med. 922
; αὕτη σύ Ar.Th. 610
.—This phrase mostly implies anger, impatience, or scorn.

II simply as antec. to ὅς, Od.2.40, S.OT 1180, etc.: freq. following relat. clause, ἅ γ' ἔλαβες,.. μεθεῖναι ταῦτα Id.Ph. 1247
, cf. 1319,Ant. 183, 203, Pl.Grg. 469c.

III = τοιοῦτος, οὗτος ἐγὼ ταχυτᾶτι Pi.O. 4.26; σὺ τοίνυν οὗτος εὑρέθης D.18.282
, cf. 173.

IV after a parenthesis, the Subject, though already named, is freq. emphat. repeated by οὗτος, οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ Ἀριστέης.., οὐδὲ οὗτος προσωτέρω.. ἔφησε ἀπικέσθαι Hdt.4.16
, cf.81 (s. v. l.), 1.146, Pl.Phd. 107d, etc.

V καὶ οὗτος is added to heighten the force of a previous word, ξυνεστῶτες.. ναυτικῷ ἀγῶνι, καὶ τούτῳ πρὸς Ἀθηναίους Th.4.55
, cf. Hdt.1.147, 6.11, etc.; so οὐδὲ τούτου Aeschin.2.100
; v. infr. VIII.2.

VI repeated, where for the second we should merely say he or it, τοῖσιν τούτου τοῦτον μέλεσιν.. κελαδοῦντες Ar.Ra. 1526
, cf. Pl.La. 200d.

VII ταῦτα is used in some special phrases,

1 ταῦτ', ὦ δέσποτα yes Sir (i. e. ἔστι ταῦτα, ταῦτα δράσω, etc.), Ar.V. 142, Pax 275, cf. Eq.III; so ταῦτα δή Id.Ach. 815
; ταῦτά νυν Id.V. 1008
; so also ἦν ταῦτα even so, true, E.Ph. 417.

2 ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ὑπάρξει so it shall be, Pl.Phd. 78a.

3 καὶ ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ταῦτα so much for that, freq. in [dialect] Att., as Pl.Smp. 220c.

4 ταῦτα at end of a formula in epitaphs, etc., prob. short for ταῦτα οὕτως ἔχει or ὁ βίος ταῦτά ἐστιν, e.g. οὐδὶς ( = -εὶς) ἀθάνατος: ταῦτα IG14.420
; Προκόπι ταῦτα ib.1824; χαίρεται ( = -τε) ταῦτα ib.1479, etc.: similarly perh. in a letter, ἂμ μὴ πέμψῃς, οὐ μὴ φάγω, οὐ μὴ πείνω. ταῦτα POxy.119.15
(ii/iii A. D.).

VIII Adverbial usages:

1 ταῦταabs., therefore, that is why.., Il.11.694; ταῦτ' ἄρα Ar.Ach.90
,Nu. 319, 335, 394, al., X.Smp.4.55; ταῦτα δή A.Pers. 159
, Pl.Smp. 174a; ταῦτ' οὖν S.Tr. 550
, Ar.V. 1358, etc.; αὐτὰ ταῦτα ἥκω, ἵνα .. Pl.Prt. 310e: τοῦτο is rare in this sense, τοῦτ' ἀφικόμην, ὅπως.. εὖ πράξαιμί τι S. OT 1005
; αὐτὸ γὰρ τοῦτο just because of this, Pl.Smp. 204a.

b πρὸς ταῦτα so then, therefore, prop. used in indignant defiance, A.Pr. 992, 1043, S.Aj. 971, 1115, 1313, OT 426, OC 455, etc.

2 καὶ ταῦτα, adding a circumstance heightening the force of what has been said, and that, ἄνδρα γενναῖον θανεῖν, καὶ ταῦτα πρὸς γυναικός A.Eu. 627
: but mostly with a part., ὅς γ' ἐξέλυσας ἄστυ.., καὶ ταῦθ' ὑφ' ἡμῶν οὐδὲν ἐξειδὼς πλέον S.OT37
, cf. Ar.Ra. 704, Pl.Phdr. 241e, etc.; or with a part. omitted, ἥτις.. τὴν τεκοῦσαν ὕβρισεν, καὶ ταῦτα τηλικοῦτος (sc. οὖσα) S.El. 614; so καὶ ταῦτα μέντοι Pl.Erx. 400b
.

b καὶ ταῦτα anyhow, no matter what happens (or happened), ἐπεχείρησας, οὐδὲν ὢν καὶ ταῦτα you tried, but were no good anyhow, i.e. try as you might, Id.R. 341c, cf. Diod.Com.3.5.

3 τοῦτο μέν.., τοῦτο δέ .. on the one hand.., on the other.., partly.., partly.., very freq. in Hdt., as 1.161, al.; τοῦτο μέν is sts. answered by δέ only, 4.76, S.Aj. 670, OC 440; by δὲ αὖ, Hdt.7.176; by ἔπειτα δέ, S.Ant.61; by ἀλλά, D.22.13; by εἶτα, S.Ph. 1345; by τοῦτ' αὖθις, Id.Ant. 165.

4 dat. fem. ταύτῃ,

a on this spot, here, ταύτῃ μὲν.., τῇδε δ' αὖ .. Id.Ph. 1331; ἀλλ' ἐὰν ταύτῃ γε νικᾷ, ταυτῃὶ πεπλήξεται Ar.Eq. 271
, cf. Th. 1221.

b in this point, herein, μηδὲν ταύτῃ γε κομήσῃς Id.Pl. 572
, cf. X.Hier.7.12, etc.

c in this way, thus, A.Pr. 191, S.OC 1300, etc.; οὐ.. ταῦτ' ἐστί πω ταύτῃ Ar.Eq. 843
; ἀλλ' οὔτι ταύτῃ ταῦτα E. Med. 365
, cf. A.Pr. 511: antec. to ὥσπερ, Pl.R. 330c; to ὅπῃ, X.Cyr. 8.3.2; οὕτω τε καὶ ταύτῃ γίγνοιτο Pl.Lg. 681d
; καὶ οὕτω καὶ ταύτῃ ἂν ἔχοι ib. 714d; ταύτῃ καλεῖσθαι, etc., like οὕτω κ., Sch.Pl.Smp. 215b.

5 ἐκ τούτου or τούτων thereupon, X.HG3.1.6, Oec.2.1; therefore, Id.An.3.3.5.

6 ἐν τούτῳ in that case, Pl.R. 440c.

b in the meantime, Hdt.1.126, Th.3.72, X.Mem.2.1.27.

7 πρὸς τούτοις ([etym.] - οισι) besides, Hdt.2.51, Pl.Prt. 326a, X.Mem.2.4.4, Ar.Pl. 540.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > οὗτος
2 ἐκεῖνος

ἐκεῖνος, ἐκείνη, ἐκεῖνο, also [full] κεῖνος (regular in [dialect] Ep., [dialect] Ion. (as SIG37.3 (Teos, v B.C.), though Hdt. prefers ἐκεῖνος), and Lyr., in Trag. κεῖνος only where the metre requires, cf. A.Pers. 230, 792, S.Aj. 220 (anap.), etc. ; but not in [dialect] Att. Prose, and in Com. only in mock Trag. passages): [dialect] Aeol. [full] κῆνος Sapph.2.1: [dialect] Dor. [full] τῆνος Theoc.1.4, etc.: in Com., strengthd. [full] ἐκεινοσί Eup.277 (prob.), Ar.Eq. 1196, etc. ; [full] ἐκεινοσίν A.D.Pron.59.24: ([etym.] ἐκεῖ):—demonstr. Pron.

A the person there, that person or thing, Hom., etc.: generally with reference to what has gone immediately before, Pl.Phd. 106c, X.Cyr.1.6.9, etc. ; but when οὗτος and ἐκεῖνος refer to two things before mentioned, ἐκεῖνος, prop. belongs to the more remote, in time, place, or thought, οὗτος to the nearer, Pl.Euthd. 271b, etc.: but ἐκεῖνος sts. = the latter, X.Mem. 1.3.13, D.8.72, Arist.Pol. 1325a7, etc.: ἐκεῖνος is freq. the predicate to οὗτος or ὅδε, οὗτος ἐκεῖνος τὸν σὺ ζητέεις Hdt.1.32
; τοῦτ' ἔστ' ἐκεῖνο E.Hel. 622
; ἆρ' οὗτός ἐστ' ἐκεῖνος ὅν..; Ar. Pax 240, etc.: also joined as if one Pron., τοῦτ' ἐκεῖνο..δέρκομαι S.El. 1115
, etc. ; κατ' ἐκεῖνο καιροῦ at that point of time, Plu.Alex.32, etc. ; ἐς ἐ. τοῦ χρόνου D.C. 46.49
; ἀλλ' ἐκεῖνο, à propos, Luc.Nigr.8.

2 to denote wellknown persons, etc., κεῖνος μέγας θεός Il.24.90
; ἐκεῖνος ἡνίκ' ἦν Θουκυδίδης Ar.Ach. 708
; καίτοι φασὶν Ἰφικράτην ποτ' ἐκεῖνον.. D.21.62
; ὦ παῖ 'κείνου τἀνδρός Pl.Phlb. 36d
.

b ἐκεῖνα
the ideal world, Id.Phdr. 250a
.

3 for things, of which one cannot remember or must not mention the name, = ὁ δεῖνα, so-and-so, Ar.Nu. 195.

b in formulae, τεθνάτω καὶ οἱ παῖδες οἱ ἐξ ἐκείνου IG12.10.33
.

4 with simple demonstr. force, Ἶρος ἐκεῖνος ἧσται Irus sits there, Od.18.239 ; νῆες ἐκεῖναι ἐπιπλέουσιν there are ships sailing up, Th.1.51.

5 in orat. obliq. where prop. the reflex. Pron. αὑτοῦ would stand, X. HG 1.6.14, Is.8.22, etc.

6 after a Relat. in apodosi almost pleon., X.Cyr. 1.4.19 (s.v.l.).

7 in [dialect] Aeol. and [dialect] Att. the Subst. with ἐκεῖνος prop. has the Art. ( κῆνος ὤνηρ Alc. Supp. 25.6
), and ἐκεῖνος may precede or follow the Subst., ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ Th. 1.20
, Pl. Phd. 57a ; τὴν στρατείαν ἐ., τὸν ἄνδρ' ἐ., Th. 1.10, Ar. Pax 649 : in Poets the Art. is freq. omitted, ἤματι κείνψ Il. 2.37
, etc. ; but when this is the case in Prose, ἐκεῖνος follows the Subst., ἡμέρας ἐκείνης Th. 3.59
, etc.

II Adv.
ἐκείνως
in that case, Id.1.77
, 3.46 ; in that way, Hp.Fract. 27 ; ζῆν Pl. R. 516d
, etc.: [dialect] Ion. [full] κείνως Hdt. 1.120.

III dat. fem. ἐκείνῃ as Adv.,

1 of Place, at that place, in that neighbourhood, Hdt. 8.106, Th. 4.77, etc. ; κείνῃ (sc. ὁδῷ) Od. 13.111.

2 of Manner, in that manner, Pl. R. 556a, etc.

IV with Preps., ἐξ ἐκείνου from that time, X. Ages.1.17 ; ἀπ' ἐκείνου Luc. DMar. 2.2
; κατ' ἐκεῖνα in that region, X. HG 3.5.17, etc. ;
μετ' ἐκεῖνα
afterwards, Th. 5.81
; cf. ἐπέκεινα.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐκεῖνος
3 εἶπον

εἶπον (Hom.+) used as 2 aor. of λέγω ‘say’ (B-D-F §101, p. 46); subj. εἴπω, impv. εἶπον; inf. εἰπεῖν, ptc. εἰπών. Somet. takes 1 aor. endings (Meisterhans³-Schw. 184, 6; Schweizer 182; Mayser 331; EpArist index) εἶπα, εἶπας, εἶπαν; impv. εἰπόν Mk 13:4; Lk 22:67; Ac 28:26 (on the accent s. W-S. §6, 7d; Mlt-H. 58. On the other hand, εἶπον acc. to PKatz, TLZ 61, ’36, 284 and B-D-F §81, 1), εἰπάτω, εἴπατε (GrBar 13:2), εἰπάτωσαν; ptc. εἴπας Ac 7:37, fem. εἴπασα J 11:28 v.l.; Hv 3, 2, 3; 4, 3, 7. Fut. ἐρῶ; pf. εἴρηκα, 3 pl. εἰρήκασιν and εἴρηκαν (Rv 19:3), inf. εἰρηκέναι; plpf. εἰρήκειν. Pass. 1 aor. ἐρρέθην (ἐρρήθην v.l. Ro 9:12, 26; Gal 3:16), ptc. ῥηθείς; pf. εἴρηται, ptc. εἰρημένος (B-D-F §70, 1; 81, 1; 101 p. 46; W-S. §13, 13; Rob. index) ‘say, speak’

① to express a thought, opinion, or idea, say, tell

ⓐ w. direct or indirect obj. or equivalent τὸν λόγον Mt 26:44. ὅσα Lk 12:3. τί vs. 11; a parable tell (Artem. 4, 80 Μενεκράτης εἶπεν ὄνειρον) 19:11; the truth 2 Cor 12:6 and oft. τοῦτο ἀληθές this as someth. true= this truly J 4:18. τί εἴπω; what shall I say? J 12:27. As a rhetor. transition formula (s. also 3 below) τί ἐροῦμεν; what shall we say or conclude? what then? Ro 3:5; 6:1; 7:7; 9:14, 30. λόγον εἴς τινα say someth. against someone Lk 12:10; also κατά τινος Mt 5:11; 12:32. τί τινι say someth. to someone Gal 3:16. ἔχω σοί τι εἰπεῖν I have someth. to say to you (cp. Lucian, Tim. 20) Lk 7:40. τί εἴπω ὑμῖν; what shall I say to you? 1 Cor 11:22. τὶ πρός τινα say someth. to someone (Pla., Prot. 345c; Herodas 2, 84; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 6, 20, 6; Ex 23:13; Jos., Vi. 205) a parable Lk 12:16; speak w. reference to someone Mk 12:12; Lk 20:19. Also πρὸς ταῦτα to this Ro 8:31. τὶ περί τινος say someth. about someone or someth. (X., Vect. 4, 13) J 7:39; 10:41. εἰρήκει περὶ τοῦ θανάτου he had referred to death 11:13. ὑπὲρ (περὶ v.l.) οὗ ἐγὼ εἶπον of whom I spoke J 1:30 (introducing dir. speech). W. acc. of pers. ὸ̔ν εἶπον of whom I said vs. 15; cp. ὁ ῥηθείς the one who was mentioned Mt 3:3. εἰπεῖν τινα καλῶς speak well of someone Lk 6:26. κακῶς speak ill of someone Ac 23:5 (Ex 22:27). W. omission of the nearer obj., which is supplied fr. the context Lk 22:67; J 9:27 al. As an answer σὺ εἶπας sc. αὐτό you have said it is evasive or even a denial (as schol. on Pla. 112e Socrates says: σὺ ταῦτα εἶπες, οὐκ ἐγώ. S. also the refusal to give a clearly affirmative answer in Const. Apost. 15, 14, 4 οὐκ εἶπεν ὁ κύριος ‘ναί’, ἀλλʼ ὅτι ‘σὺ εἶπας’.—λέγω 2e end) Mt 26:25, 64.—W. indication of the pers., to whom someth. is said: in the dat. Mt 5:22; 8:10, 13, 19, 21 and oft. τινὶ περί τινος tell someone about someth. 17:13; J 18:34. Also πρός τινα for the dat. (Lucian, Dial. Mort. 1; Jos., Ant. 11, 210) Mk 12:7; Lk 1:13, 34, 61 and very oft. (w. acc. εἶπον τὸν ἄγγελον GrBar 6:3; 10:7).

ⓑ w. direct discourse foll.: Mt 2:8; 9:22; 12:24, 49; 14:29; 15:16, 32; 17:17 and very oft. οὐδὲ ἐροῦσιν= nor will they be able to say Lk 17:21 (cp. Herodas 4, 73 οὐδʼ ἐρεῖς, with direct discourse foll. as in Lk); of someth. said in the past J 14:28.—As a formula introducing an objection (Diod S 13, 21, 5 ἐροῦσί τινες ἴσως; Dio Chrys. 14 [31], 47 ἴσως οὖν ἐρεῖ τις) ἀλλὰ ἐρεῖ τις (X., Cyr. 4, 3, 10; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 16 §59 ἀλλὰ … ἐρεῖ τις; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 9, 16 p. 98, 1; 5 Lag.) 1 Cor 15:35; Js 2:18 (on various views, DVerseput, NTS 43, ’97, 108 n. 22). ἐρεῖς οὖν Ro 11:19; w. μοι added 9:19. πρὸς ἡμᾶς Ac 21:13 D. Inserted τίς οὖν αὐτῶν, εἰπέ, πλεῖον ἀγαπήσει αὐτόν; which one, tell me, will love him more? Lk 7:42 v.l.

ⓒ w. ὅτι foll. (Diod S 12, 16, 5; 12, 74, 3; Jos., Vi. 205) Mt 28:7, 13; J 7:42; 8:55; 16:15; 1J 1:6, 8, 10; 1 Cor 1:15; 14:23 al.

ⓓ w. acc. and inf. foll. Ro 4:1 (text uncertain).

ⓔ regularly used w. quotations: Tit 1:12; usually fr. the OT ἐρρέθη Ro 9:12; καθὼς εἴρηκεν Hb 4:3. τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ κυρίου διὰ τοῦ προφήτου Mt 1:22. ὑπὸ τ. θεοῦ 22:31. διὰ τοῦ προφήτου Ac 2:16; cp. Mt 2:17, 23; 4:14; 8:17; 12:17; 13:35; 24:15 (Just., D. 27, 1 διὰ … Ἠσαίου οὕτως εἴρηται) al. τὸ εἰρημένον what is written Lk 2:24; Ac 13:40; Ro 4:18.—EHowind, De ratione citandi in Ciceronis Plutarchi Senecae Novi Testamenti scriptis obvia, diss. Marburg 1921.

ⓕ with questions w. direct discourse foll. (Epict. 3, 23, 18a=ask; Zech 1:9a) Mt 9:4; 17:19, 24; 18:21; 20:32; 26:15 al. W. dat. of pers. Mt 13:10, 27.

ⓖ w. adv. modifier ὁμοίως Mt 26:35. ὡσαύτως 21:30; or an adv. expr. ἐν παραβολαῖς in parables= parabolically 22:1. διὰ παραβολῆς using a parable Lk 8:4. W. καθὼς of someth. said in the past (Jos., Ant. 8, 273 καθὼς εἶπεν ὁ προφήτης; cp. Dt 1:21; 19:8; Is 41:22 τὰ ἐπερχόμενα εἴπατε ἡμῖν) Mt 28:6; Mk 14:16; Lk 22:13; cp. J 16:4. εἰπὲ λόγῳ say the word Lk 7:7; Mt 8:8. διὰ φωνῆς πνεύματος ἁγίου through the voice of the Holy Spirit AcPl Ha 11, 5.

② to answer a question, answer, reply (Ps.-Pla., De Virt. 2, 376d οὐκ ἔχω εἰπεῖν=I cannot answer that; Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 21 p. 401D ἔχειν εἰπεῖν=be able to answer) Mt 15:34; 16:14; 26:18 al. On its use w. ἀποκρίνεσθαι, freq. in narrative to denote transition, s. ἀποκρ. 2. Also without a preceding question in conversation Mt 14:18; 15:27; Mk 9:39; Lk 1:38 and oft.

③ to reach a conclusion by reasoning, conclude, as in the transitional formula τί ἐροῦμεν; what conclusion are we to draw? Ro 3:5; 6:1; 9:14, 30; on Ro 4:1 s. FDanker, in Gingrich Festschr. ’72, 103f. S. also 1a.

④ to apply a name or term to someone, call w. double acc. (Maximus Tyr. 14, 5c κόλακα τὸν Ὀδυσσέα; Diog. L. 6, 40 Diogenes the Cynic is called a ‘dog’; SibOr 4, 140) ἐκείνους εἶπεν θεούς J 10:35. ὑμᾶς εἴρηκα φίλους 15:15 (cp. Od. 19, 334; X., Apol. 15; Lucian, Tim. 20).

⑤ to give instructions or orders, tell, order (Ex 19:8b; 2 Ch 24:8; w. inf. foll.: Ex 35:1b; Wsd 9:8; Epict. 1, 14, 3 ὅταν [ὁ θεὸς] εἴπῃ τοῖς φυτοῖς ἀνθεῖν, ἀνθεῖ; Aberciusins. 17) εἶπεν δοθῆναι αὐτῇ φαγεῖν he ordered that she be given someth. to eat Mk 5:43. εἶπεν καὶ ταῦτα παρατιθέναι he told them to place this also before (the people) 8:7. W. ἵνα foll. Mt 4:3; Mk 9:18; Lk 4:3.

⑥ to tell oneself someth., think. Corresp. to אָמַר בְּלִבּוֹ the expr. εἰπεῖν ἐν ἑαυτῷ (Esth 6:6; Tob 4:2 BA; S has ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ) means say to oneself or quietly, think (to oneself) Mt 9:3; Lk 7:39; 16:3; 18:4; also ἐν τῃ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ (Dt 8:17; 9:4; Ps 9:27; 13:1; s. above) Lk 12:45; Ro 10:6.—In mss. and edd. εἶπον freq. interchanges w. λαλέω, λέγω, φημί, and is v.l. in Mt 19:18; Mk 6:16; Lk 19:30; J 7:45, 50; 9:10; 13:24; Ac 23:7.—B. 1253f. DELG s.v. ἔπος 2. Frisk s.v. εἶπον and ἔπος. M-M. TW. Also s. λέγω.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > εἶπον
4 ἐκεῖνος

-η,-ον ⁺ R 164-209-166-85-115=739 Gn 2,12; 6,4(ter).21

that (... there) Gn 2,12; that person, that thing Gn 6,21

μετ᾽ ἐκεῖνο afterwards Gn 6,4; ἀπ’ ἐκείνου from that time 1 Ezr 6,19; οὗτοι... ἐκεῖνοι... the nearer... the more remote..., those... the others... Wis 11,10

*1 Sm 20,19 ἐκεῖνο that-הלאז? for MT האזלEzel ?

Cf. MURAOKA 1990b, 39

Lust (λαγνεία) > ἐκεῖνος
5 παρά

πᾰρά [pron. full] [ρᾰ], [dialect] Ep. and Lyr. also [full] παραί: shortd. [full] πάρ, in Hom., Lyr. (but rarely in Trag., in lyr. passages, A.Supp. 553, S.Tr. 636), and in all dial ects exc. [dialect] Att., GDI5434.8 ([place name] Paros), IG5(2).3.14 (Tegea, iv B. C.), Inscr.Magn.26.28 (Thess.), etc.:—Prep. c. gen., dat., and acc., prop.

A beside: hence,

A WITH GEN. prop. denoting motion from the side of, from beside, from:

I of Place, πὰρ νηῶν ἔλθωμεν Il.13.744
; παρὰ ναῦφιν ἐλευσόμεθ' 12.225
, etc.; παρ' Ὠκεανοῖο ῥοάων.. ἐπερχομένη Od.22.197
; πὰρ νηῶν ἀπώσεται Il.8.533
, etc.; δῶρα π. νηὸς ἐνεικέμεν 19.194
; φάσγανον ὀξὺ ἐρυσσάμενος π. μηροῦ 1.190
, cf. 21.173; σπασσάμενος.. ἄορ παχέος π. μηροῦ 16.473
; πλευρὰ παρ' ἀσπίδος ἐξεφαάνθη was exposed beside the shield, 4.468, cf. A.Th. 624.

II commonly of Persons,

1 with Verbs of going or coming, bringing, etc., ἦλθε.. πὰρ Διός Il.2.787
; παρ' Αἰήταο πλέουσα Od.12.70
, etc.; ἀγγελίη ἥκει π. βασιλέος Hdt.8.140
. ά; αὐτομολήσαντες π. βασιλέως X.An.1.7.13
; ἐξεληλυθὼς παρ' Ἀριστάρχου D.21.117
; ὁ π. τινὸς ἥκων his messenger, X.Cyr.4.5.53; so οἱ π. τινός Th.7.10
, Ev.Marc.3.21, etc.; ὅστις ἀφικνεῖτο τῶν π. βασιλέως πρὸς αὐτόν X.An.1.1.5
, etc.; τεύχεα καλὰ φέρουσα παρ' Ἡφαίστοιο from his workshop, Il.18.137, cf. 617, etc.; ἀπαγγέλλειν τι π. τινός X.An.2.1.20
; σὺ δὲ οἰμώζειν αὐτοῖς παρ' ἐμοῦ λέγε Luc.DMort.1.2
.

2 issuing from a person, γίγνεσθαι π. τινός to be born from, Pl.Smp. 179b; λόγος (sc. ἐστί) π. Ἀθηναίων c. acc. et inf., Hdt.8.55: freq. following a Noun, δόξα ἡ π. τῶν ἀνθρώπων glory from (given by) men, Pl.Phdr. 232a; ἡ π. τινὸς εὔνοια the favour from, i. e. of, any one, X.Mem.2.2.12; τὸ παρ' ἐμοῦ ἀδίκημα done by me, Id.Cyr.5.5.13; τὰ π. τινός all that issues from any one, as commands, commissions, Id.An.2.3.4, etc.; or promises, gifts, presents, Id.Mem.3.11.13; τὰ παρ' ἐμοῦ my opinions, Pl.Smp. 219a; παρ' ἑωυτοῦ διδούς giving from oneself, i. e. from one's own means, Hdt. 2.129, 8.5; παρ' ἑαυτοῦ προσετίθει X.HG6.1.3
; νόμον θὲς παρ' ἐμοῦ by my advice, Pl.Prt. 322d; αὐτοὶ παρ' αὑτῶν of themselves, Id.Tht. 150d, cf. Phdr. 235c.

3 with Verbs of receiving, obtaining, and the like , τυχεῖν τινος π. τινός Od.6.290
, 15.158; πὰρ δ' ἄρα μιν Ταφίων πρίατο 14.452
; ἀρέομαι πὰρ μὲν Σαλαμῖνος Ἀθαναίων χάριν Pi.P.1.76
; εὑρέσθαι τι π. τῶν θεῶν Isoc.9.14
, cf. IG12.40.10; δέχεσθαι, λαμβάνειν, ἁρπάζειν π. τινός, Th.1.20, X.Oec.9.11, Hes.Th. 914; ἀντιάσαι, αἰτήσασθαι π. τινός, S.El. 870 (lyr.), X.HG3.1.4; ἀξιοῖ π. τοῦ ἰατροῦ φάρμακον πιὼν ἐξεμέσαι τὸ νόσημα Pl.R. 406d
; κόσμος τοῖς πράξασι γίγνεται π. τῶν ἀκουσάντων Id.Mx. 236e
: without Verb, ὁ καρπὸς ὁ π. τῶν δημάρχων IG12.76.27
: with Verbs of learning, etc., μεμαθηκέναι π. τινῶν Hdt.2.104
, etc.

4 with [voice] Pass. Verbs, πὰρ Διὸς.. μῆνις ἐτύχθη Il.15.122
; π. θεῶν ἡ τοιαύτη μανία δίδοται Pl.Phdr. 245c
, etc.; τὰ π. τῶν θεῶν σημαινόμενα, συμβουλευόμενα, X.Cyr.1.6.2; τὰ π. τινὸς λεγόμενα ib.6.1.42; τὰ π. τῆς τύχης δωρηθέντα the presents of.., Isoc.4.26; με π. σοῦ σοφίας πληρωθήσεσθαι Pl.Smp. 175e
.

III rarely for παρά c. dat., by, near, πὰρ ποδός Pi.P.10.62
, 3.60; παρὰ δὲ κυανέων πελαγέων dub. l. in S.Ant. 966 (lyr.); τὸν Ῥειτὸν τὸν παρὰ τοῦ ἄστεως IG12.81.5
; πολλοὶ παρ' ἀμφοτέρων ἔπιπτον, = ἀμφοτέρωθεν, D.S.19.42.

IV π. τῆς συγχωρήσεώς τινος without his consent, BCH46.337 ([place name] Teos).

B WITH DAT. denoting rest by the side of any person or thing, answering the question where?

I of Places, κατ' ἂρ ἕζετ'.. πὰρ πυρί, ἔκειτο π. σηκῷ, Od.7.154, 9.319; νέμονται π. πέτρῃ 13.408
; ἑσταότες παρ ὄχεσφιν Il.8.565
; πὰρ ποσὶ μαρναμένων ἐκυλίνδετο at their feet, 14.411, etc.; π. θύρῃσι at the door, 7.346; π. ῥηγμῖνι θαλάσσης 2.773
; δεῖπνον.. εἵλοντο παρ' ὄχθῃσιν ποταμοῖο Od.6.97
, cf. Il.4.475, 20.53, etc.; κεῖσθαι παρ' Ἅιδῃ S.OT 972
; παρ' οἴνῳ over wine, ib. 780, etc.

II of persons, beside, πὰρ δὲ οἷ αὐτῷ εἷσε Θεοκλύμενον Od.15.285
; κεῖτο παρὰ μνηστῇ ἀλόχῳ Il.9.556
, cf. 6.246, etc.; παρ' ἀνδράσιν εὐνάζεσθαι Od.5.119
; δαίνυσθαι π. τινί 8.243
; πὰρ δέ οἱ ἑστήκει stood by him, Il.4.367.

2 at one's house or place, with one, μένειν π. τισί 9.427
; θητευέμεν ἄλλῳ, ἀνδρὶ παρ' ἀκλήρῳ Od.11.490
; φιλέεσθαι π. τινί Il.13.627
; παρ' ἑωυτοῖσι at their own house, Hdt.1.105, cf. 86; παιδευθῆναι π. τινί X.Cyr.1.2.15
; καταλύειν π. τινί D.18.82
(but παρά τινα καταλῦσαι Th.1.136
), etc.: hence οἱ παρ' ἐμοί those of my household, X.Mem.2.7.4, etc.; τὰ παρ' ἐμοί life with me, Id.An. 1.7.4; οἱ παρ' ἡμῖν ἄνθρωποι our people, Pl.Phd. 64b; ἡ παρ' ἡμῖν πολιτεία, ὁ παρ' ὑμῖν δῆμος, D.15.19; ὁ παρ' αὑτῷ βίοτος one's own life, S.OT 612; τὸ παρ' ἡμῖν πῦρ Pl.Phlb. 29f
; ὅσος παρ' ὑμῖν ὁ φθόνος φυλάσσεται S.OT 382
; τὸ παρ' ἡμῖν σῶμα Pl.Phlb. 29f
; also, in one's hands, τὰ π. τοῖς Ἑλληνοταμίαις ὄντα IG12.91.6
; ἔχειν παρ' ἑωυτῷ Hdt. 1.130
, etc.; οὔπω παρ' ἐμοὶ τότ' ἦν λέγειν I had no right to speak then, Men.Epit.98.

3 before, in the presence of, ἤειδε π. μνηστῆρσιν Od. 1.154
; before a judge, δίκας γίγνεσθαι π. τῷ πολεμάρχῳ IG12.16.9
; π. Δαρείῳ κριτῇ Hdt.3.160
; π. τῷ βασιλέϊ Id.4.65
; παρὰ δικασταῖς Th. 1.73
; εἰς κρίσιν καθιστάναι τινὰ π. τισί D.18.13
: hence παρ' ἐμοί in my judgement, Hdt.1.32, cf. S.Tr. 589, E.Heracl. 881, 1 Ep.Cor.3.19; π. τούτῳ μέγα δυνήσεται with him, Pl.Grg. 510e.

4 in quoting authors, παρ' Ἐφόρῳ, παρ' Αἰσχίνῃ, π. Θουκυδίδῃ, in Ephorus, etc., Plb. 9.2.4, D.H.Comp.9,18.

III Arc., = π. c. gen., from, καθὰ εἶχον τὰς ἰντολὰς π. τᾷ ἰδίᾳ πόλι SIG559.9
(Megalop., iii B. C.), cf. 558.10 (Ithaca, iii B. C.).

C WITH ACCUS. in three main senses,

I beside, near, by,

II along,

III past, beyond.

I beside, near, by:

1 with Verbs of coming, going, etc., to the side of, to, ἴτην π. νῆας Il.1.347
, cf. 8.220, etc.; βῆ.. π. θῖνα 1.34
, cf. 327, etc.; τρέψας πὰρ ποταμόν to the side of.., 21.603, cf. 3.187: more freq. of persons, εἶμι παρ' Ἥφαιστον to the chamber of H., 18.143, cf. Od.1.285, etc.; ἐσιόντες π. τοὺς φίλους Th.2.51
, etc.; φοιτᾶν π. τὸν Σωκράτη Pl.Phd. 59d
; πέμπειν ἀγγέλους, πρέσβεις π. τινά, Hdt. 1.141, Th.1.58, etc.; ἄγειν π. τινά Hdt.1.86
; καταφυγὴ π. φίλων τινάς Th.2.17
.

2 with Verbs of rest, beside, near, by, sts. with ref. to past motion (expressed in such phrases as ἧσο παρ' αὐτὸν ἰοῦσα Il.3.406
, cf. 11.577), ἔς ῥα θρόνους ἕζοντο παρ' Ἀτρεΐδην Μενέλαον Od.4.51
, cf. 13.372; κεῖται ποταμοῖο παρ' ὄχθας lies stretched beside.., Il.4.487, cf. 12.381; παρ' ἔμ' ἵστασο come and stand by me, 11.314, cf. 592, 20.49, etc.; π. πυθμέν' ἐλαίης θῆκαν Od.13.122
; καταθέτω π. τὰ ἴκρια IG12.94.28
; κοιμήσαντο π. πρυμνήσια they lay down by.., Od.12.32, cf. 3.460; ὁ παρ' ἐμὲ καθήμενος Pl.Euthd. 271b
, cf. Phd. 89b; ἐκάθητο π. τὴν πύλην, π. τὴν ὁδόν, LXX Ge.19.1, Ev.Marc. 10.46; παρ' αὐτὸν τὸν καλέσαντα κατακείμενος δειπνῆσαι Thphr.Char. 21.2
, cf. Pl.Smp. 175c; ἐκαθέζετο π. τὸν Λύσιν Id.Ly. 211a
, cf. R. 328c; στὰς παρ' αὐτόν Id.Phd. 116c
; τέμενος νεμόμεσθα.. παρ' ὄχθας Il.12.313
, cf. 6.34, IG12.943.45; τοῦ Εὐρίπου, παρ' ὃν ᾤκει Aeschin.3.90
; κατελείφθη π. τὸν νηόν Hdt.4.87
; τὴν παρ' ἐμὲ ἐοῦσαν δύναμιν Id.8.140
.ά (v.l. ἐμοί) ; εἶπεν αὐτῷ μένειν παρ' ἑαυτόν X.Cyr.1.4.18
, cf. An.1.9.31, Ar.Fr. 451, Is.8.16, Alex.248, Demetr.Com. Nov.1.5, IG22.654.23 (iii B. C.), Plb.3.26.1, 11.14.3, 28.14.3; ἡ π. θάλασσαν Μακεδονία Th.2.99
, cf. S.El. 184 (lyr.), Tr. 636 (lyr.); Καρβασυανδῆς π. Καῦνον IG12.204.52
; τὸ κουρεῖον τὸ π. τοὺς Ἑρμᾶς Lys.23.3
, cf. And.1.62, Is.6.20, 8.35, Aeschin. 1.182, 3.88, Lycurg.112; τᾶς παστάδος τᾶς παρ' Ἀπόλλωνα IG42
(1).109 iii 146 (Epid.); παρ' ὄμμα before one's eyes, E.Supp. 484; π. πόδας on the spot, Phld.Ir.p.78 W., Rh.2.2 S.; immediately thereafter, Plb.1.7.5, 1.8.2, al.

b [dialect] Dor., [dialect] Boeot., and Thess., = supr. B. 11.2, at the house of.., with a person, IG7.3171.7 (Orchom. [dialect] Boeot.), GDI 1717 (Delph.); παρ' ἁμὲ πολυτίματος [ὁ σῖτος] Ar.Ach. 759 (Megar.); τοῖς κατοικέντεσσι πὰρ ἀμμέ IG9(2).517.18
(Larissa, iii B. C.); τοῖ πὰρ ἀμμὲ πολιτεύματος ib.13; πεπολιτευκὼρ πὰρ ἁμέ Schwyzer 425.5
(Elis, iii/ii B. C.): so in [dialect] Att., θέμενος π. γυναῖκας depositing with.., Pl. R. 465c.

3 with Verbs of striking, wounding, etc., βάλε στῆθος π. μαζόν Il.4.480
, etc.; τὸν δ' ἕτερον.. κληῗδα παρ' ὦμον πλῆξε 5.146
; τύψε κατὰ κληῗδα παρ' αὐχένα 21.117
, cf. 4.525, 8.325, etc.; αἰχμὴ δ' ἐξελύθη παρὰ νείατον ἀνθερεῶνα 5.293
, cf. 17.310; δησάμενος τελαμῶνι π. σφυρόν ib. 290.

4 with Verbs of placing, examining, etc., side by side with.., ὁ ἔλεγχος π. τὸν ἔλεγχον παραβαλλόμενος Pl.Grg. 475e
, cf. Hp.Mi. 369c, Smp. 214c, R. 348a; ἐξέτασον παρ' ἄλληλα τὰ σοὶ κἀμοὶ βεβιωμένα D.18.265
; ἄλλα παρ' ἄλλατιθέμενα.. τῶν χρωμάτων Arist.Mete. 375a24
.

b Geom., παραβάλλειν π. apply an area to (i. e. along) a finite straight line, Euc.1.44, Archim.Aequil.2.1; π. τὴν δοθεῖσαν αὐτοῦ γραμμὴν παρατείναντα Pl. Men. 87a
; ἡ [εὐθεῖα] παρ' ἣν δύνανται αἱ καταγόμεναι τεταγμένως the line to which are applied the squares of the or dinates, etc., Apollon. Perg.Con.1.11: hence,

c Arith., παραβάλλειν τι π. τι divide by.. (v. παραβάλλω A.
VII. 2); μερίζω τι π. τι Dioph.4.33
; ἐπὶ γ π. ί multiply by 3 and divide by 10, PLond.5.1718.2 (vi A. D.).

5 Geom., parallel to.., Democr.155, Arist. Top. 158b31, Archim.Sph. Cyl.1.12, al.

6 metaph. in Gramm., like, as a parody of.., π. τὸ Σοφόκλειον, π. τὰ ἐν Τεύκρῳ Σοφοκλέους, Sch.Ar.Av. 1240, Nu. 584.

b Gramm., of words which differ as compared with other words, π. τὸ τοῦ ἔρωτος ὄνομα σμικρὸν παρηγμένον ἐστίν.. [τὸ ἥρως] Pl.Cra. 398d, cf. 399a, Lg. 654a: hence, derived from.., π. τὸ ἔδαφος, δάπεδον, A.D. Pron.31.16; π. τὸ δρῶ δρᾶμα Sch.A.R.2.624; σύγκειται [τὸ αὐθέντης] π. τὸ εἷναι.. καὶ π. τὸ αὐτός Phryn.PSp.24
B.

7 generally, of Comparison, alongside of, compared with, usu. implying superiority, δοκέοντες π. ταῦτα οὐδ' ἂν τοὺς σοφωτάτους ἀνθρώπων Αἰγυπτίους οὐδὲν ἐπεξευρεῖν Hdt.2.160
, cf. 7.20, 103; ἡλίου ἐκλείψεις αἳ πυκνότεραι π. τὰ ἐκ τοῦ πρὶν χρόνου μνημονευόμενα ξυνέβησαν Th.1.23
, cf. 4.6; τῶν ἁπάντων ἀπερίοπτοί εἰσι π. τὸ νικᾶν Id.1.41
; π. τὰ ἄλλα ζῷα ὥσπερ θεοὶ ἄνθρωποι βιοτεύουσι X.Mem.1.4.14
; φαίνεται π. τὸ ἀλγεινὸν ἡδὺ καὶ π. τὸ ἡδὺ ἀλγεινὸν ἡ ἡσυχία Pl.R. 584a
, cf. Phdr. 236d, La. 183c, al.; εὐδαίμων μᾶλλον π. πάντας BCH26.332
([place name] Halae); προετέρει π. πάντας PSI 4.422.34
(iii B. C.): sts. implying inferiority or defect, ἠλάττωσας αὐτὸν βραχύ τι παρ' ἀγγέλους a little lower than the angels, LXX Ps. 8.6; μιᾷ ἡμέρᾳ ὑστεροῦσι π. τὸν ἥλιον lag one day behind the sun, Gem.8.19; so perh. παρ' αὐτόν, ὑπὲρ αὐτόν (has passed the ball?) short of him, beyond him, Antiph.234; μέγα τοι ἡμέρα παρ' ἡμέραν γιγνομένη γνώμην ἐξ ὀργῆς μεταστῆσαι one day compared with another is important.., a day's delay makes a difference, Antipho 5.72; τί γὰρ παρ' ἦμαρ ἡμέρα τέρπειν ἔχει προσθεῖσα κἀναθεῖσα τοῦ γε κατθανεῖν; what joy has one day compared with another to offer, since it only brings us nearer to, or farther from, death (which is neither good nor evil)? S.Aj. 475; ὃς μὲν κρίνει (prefers) ἡμέραν παρ' ἡμέραν, ὃς δὲ κρίνει (approves) πᾶσαν ἡμέραν Ep.Rom.14.5
.

8 with Verbs of estimating, to set at so and so much, hence π. = equivalent to.., ταρβῶ μὴ.. θῆται παρ' οὐδὲν τὰς ἐμὰς ἐπιστολάς set at nought, E.IT 732, cf. A. Ag. 229 (lyr.); παρ' οὐδὲν ἄγειν S.Ant.35
; π. μικρὸν ἡγεῖσθαι or ποιεῖσθαί τι hold of small account, Isoc.5.79, D.61.51; παρ' ὀλίγον ποιεῖσθαί τινα X.An.6.6.11
; so with εἶναι, etc., παρ' οὐδέν ἐστι are as nothing, S.OT 983, cf. Ant. 466; παρ' οὐδὲν αὐταῖς ἦν ἂν ὀλλύναι πόσεις E.Or. 569
; οὐ π. μέγα ἔσεσθαι τὸ πταῖσμα Arr.An.1.18.6
; so perh. π. σμικρὰ κεχώρηκε have turned out of little account, have amounted to little, Hdt.1.120.

b in Accountancy, without a verb, π. τὴν καταλλαγήν on account of κ., PHib.1.100.4 (iii B. C.).

9 of correspondence, ὀφείλειν στατῆρα π. στατῆρα stater for stater (one to each of two creditors), BCH50.214 (Thasos, v B. C.); πληγὴν π. πληγὴν ἑκάτερον Ar.Ra. 643
; συνεῖναι ἑκατέρῳ ἡμέραν παρ' ἡμέραν stayed day for day with each, D.59.46; hence of alternation, ποιεῖσθαι ἁγνείας καὶ θυσίας δύο π. δύο, of four priests acting two and two alternately, BGU1198.12 (i B. C.); τοῦ καθημερινοῦ ἢ μίαν π. μίαν (sc. ἡμέραν) [πυρετοῦ] quotidian or tertian fever, ib.956.3 (iii A. D.): sts. without doubling of the Noun, παρ' ἡμέρην, opp. καθ' ἡμέρην, tertian, opp. quotidian, Hp.Aph.1.12; καθ' ἡμέραν, παρ' ἡμέραν, π. δύο, π. τρεῖς every day, every second day, every third (fourth) day, Arr.Epict.2.18.13; π. μίαν every second day, Plb.3.110.4; παρ' ἐνιαυτόν every second year, Plu.Cleom.15; παρ' ἔτος year and year about, Arist.GA 757a7; every second year, Paus.8.15.2; π. μέρος by turns (v. μέρος II. 2); ὁ ἀνὰ μέρος παρ' ἓξ μῆνας ὑπὲρ γῆν τε καὶ ὑπὸ γῆν γινόμενος Ἄδωνις Corn. ND28
; π. μῆνα τρίτον every third month, Arist.HA 582b4, cf. Plu.2.942e; but π. τρία [ἔτεα] prob. every fourth year, IG5(2).422 ([place name] Phigalea), cf. Arr.Epict. l.c.; ἕνα παρ' ἕνα παραλειπτέον every second one, Nicom.Ar.1.18; ἕνα π. δύο ([etym.] τρεῖς) every third (fourth) one, ibid.; παρὰ δ' ἄλλαν ἄλλα μοῖρα διώκει now one now another, E.Heracl. 611.

10 precisely at the moment of, παρ' αὐτὰ τἀδικήματα flagrante delicto, D.18.13, 21.26; ἀποδώσω π. τὸν εὔθυνον τὸ καθῆκον IG12.188.31
; π. τοιοῦτον καιρόν, π. τὰς χρείας, D.20.41,46; π. τὰ δεινά in the midst of danger, Plu.Ant.63; π. τὴν πρώτην γένεσιν Jul.Or.1.10b
; π. τὴν πρώτην (sc. ἐπίθεσιν) at the first attack, Hld.9.2; π. γε τὴν πρώτην ὁρμήν Ael.NA14.10
.

b distributively, whether of Time, π. τὰ ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτεα in each complete period of seventy years, Hdt.1.32; ἐν ταῖς ὁδοιπορίαις π. στάδια διακόσια.. τοῖς ἑκατὸν σταδίοις διήνεγκαν ἀλλήλων X.Oec.20.18
; πὰρ Ϝέτος each year, every year, Tab.Heracl. 1.101; π. τὸν ἐνιαυτὸν ἕκαστον IG12(7).5.14
([place name] Amorgos); παρ' ἆμάρ τε καὶ νύκτα day and night, B.Fr.7; or more generally, πὰρ τὰν ἐλαίαν in respect of each olive plant, Tab.Heracl.1.122; παρ' ἡμέραν αἱ ἀμίαι πολὺ ἐπιδήλως αὐξάνονται from day to day, per day, Arist.HA 571a21; τὸ παρ' ἑκάστην βάσιν γινόμενον μικρὸν πολὺ γίνεται π. πολλάς Id.Pr. 881b26
; ἡ παρ' ἡμέραν χάρις D.8.70
; τὸ παρ' ἑκάστην ἡμέραν ἡδύ Pl. Lg. 705a
.

c παρ' ἆμαρ on (this) day, to-day, τὸ μὲν πὰρ ἆμαρ, τὸ δέ .. to-day and to-morrow, Pi.P.11.63; but παρ' ἦμαρ to-morrow, S. OC 1455 (lyr.).

d throughout a period of time, π. τὴν ζόην Hdt. 7.46
; π. τὸν βίον ἅπαντα Pl.Lg. 733a
; π. πάντα τὸν χρόνον D.18.10
; also more loosely, during, π. τὴν πόσιν while they were drinking, Hdt.2.121.
δ; π. τὸν πότον Aeschin.2.156
; π. τὴν κύλικα Plu.Ant.24
; π. δεῖπνον or π. τὸ δεῖπνον, Id.2.737a,674f.

II along, ὄνος παρ' ἄρουραν ἰών Il.11.558
; βῆ δὲ θέειν π. τεῖχος 12.352
; π. ῥόον Ὠκεανοῖο ᾔομεν Od. 11.21
; ἔπλεον π. τὴν ἤπειρον Hdt.7.193
; π. πᾶσαν τὴν ὁδόν Isoc.4.148
; ὀρθὴν παρ' οἶμον.. τύμβον κατόψει straight along the road, E.Alc. 835; παρ' ὅλην τὴν φάραγγα Plb.10.30.3
; παρ' αὐτὴν τὴν χαράδραν παραπορευομένων ib.9; for παραβάλλειν π., v. supr. c. 1.4b.

2 strictly according to, without deviating from, εἶμι π. στάθμην ὀρθὴν ὁδόν Thgn. 945
, cf. S.Fr.474.5; ὠμοί τε δούλοις πάντα καὶ π. στάθμην, i.e. too strict, A.Ag. 1045; π. τὸν λόγον ὃν ἀποφέρουσιν.. ἐπιδείξω I will prove to you strictly according to the accounts which they themselves submit, D.27.34.

III past, beyond, παρὰ σκοπιὴν καὶ ἐρινεὸν ἠνεμόεντα.. ἐσσεύοντο Il.22.145
, cf. Od.3.172, 24.12; βῆ δὲ π. Κρουνούς h.Ap. 425
; π. τὴν Βαβυλῶνα παριέναι pass by Babylon, X.Cyr.5.2.29; παρ' αὐτὴν τὴν χύτραν ἄκραν ὁρῶντες looking over the edge of.., Ar.Av. 390.

2 metaph., over and above, in addition to, οὐκ ἔστι π. ταῦτ' ἄλλα Id.Nu. 698
; π. ταῦτα πάντα ἕτερόν τι Pl.Phd. 74a
, cf.R. 337d, D.18.139, X.HG 1.5.5; ἑκὼν ἐπόνει π. τοὺς ἄλλους more than the others, Id.Ages.5.3, cf. Mem.4.4.1, Oec.20.16; ἃ τῷ ῥαψῳδῷ προσήκει καὶ σκοπεῖσθαι καὶ διακρίνειν π. τοὺς ἄλλους ἀνθρώπους Pl. Ion 539e
.

3 metaph., in excess over, πὰρ δύναμιν beyond one's strength, Il.13.787, cf. Th.1.70, Hyp.Lyc.16, Arist.Rh.Al. 1423b29; π. τὴν δ. Id.Po. 1451b38
.

4 metaph., in transgression or violation of, π. μοῖραν Od.14.509
; π. μοῖραν Δίος Alc.Supp. 14.10
; παρ' αἶσαν, παρὰ δίκαν, Pi.P.8.13, O.2.16, etc.; π. τὸ δίκαιον Th.5.90
, etc.; π. τὰς σπονδάς, τὸν νόμον, Id.1.67, X.HG1.7.14; π. φύσιν Th.6.17
, cf. Pl.Lg. 747b; π. τὴν στήλην prob. in IG12.45.20; π. καιρόν out of season, Pi.O.8.24, etc.; π. γνώμαν ib.12.10, cf. A.Supp. 454; π. δόξαν, π. τὸ δοκοῦν ἡμῖν, π. λόγον, Th.3.93, 1.84, Plb.2.38.5; παρ' ἐλπίδα or ἐλπίδας, A.Ag. 899, S.Ant. 392, etc.; πὰρ μέλος out of tune, Pi.N.7.69; π. τὴν ἀξίαν Th.7.77
, etc.; π. τὸ εἰωθός, τὸ καθεστηκός, Id.4.17, 1.98.

5 π. τοσοῦτον ἦλθε κινδύνου, = παρῆλθε τοσοῦτον κινδύνου, passed over so much ground within the sphere of danger, i.e. incurred such imminent peril, Id.3.49, cf. 7.2; in such phrases the tmesis was forgotten, and the acc. came to be governed by παρά, which thus came to mean 'by such and such a margin', ' with so much to spare', ἐνίκησαν π. πολύ, ἡσσηθέντες π. πολύ, Id.1.29, 2.89, cf. Pl. Ap. 36a; παρὰ δ' ὀλίγον ἀπέφυγες only just, E.IT 870 (lyr.); παρ' ὀλίγον ἢ διέφευγον ἢ ἀπώλλυντο Th.7.71
; δεινότατον π. πολύ by far, Ar.Pl. 445; παρ' ὅσον quatenus, Luc.Nec.17, etc.; π. δύο ψήφους ἀπέφυγε by two votes, Hyp.Eux.28, cf. D.23.205; π. τέτταρας ψήφους μετέσχε τῆς πόλεως Is.3.37
; π. τοσοῦτον ἐγένετο αὐτῷ μὴ περιπεσεῖν by so much (= little) he missed falling in with.., Th.8.33; π. πέντε ναῦς πλέον ἀνδρὶ ἑκάστῳ ἢ τρεῖς ὀβολοὶ ὡμολογήθησαν ib.29; οὐ π. μικρὸν ἐποίησαν they made no little difference, Isoc.4.59.

b in phrases like π. τοσοῦτον ἦλθε κινδύνου, τοσοῦτον was sts. understood of the interval from danger, etc., and παρά came to mean 'by so much short of' (τὸ π. μικρὸν ὥσπερ οὐδὲν ἀπέχειν δοκεῖ Arist.Ph. 197a29
), within such and such a distance of, so near to, τὴν Ἠϊόνα π. νύκτα ἐγένετο (sc. αὐτῷ) λαβεῖν he was within one night of taking E., Th.4.106; π. μικρὸν ἦλθον ἀποθανεῖν I came within a little of.., Isoc. 19.22, cf. Plb.1.43.7, Plu. Caes. 39; παρ' ἐλάχιστον ἦλθε.. ἀφελέσθαι was within an ace of taking away, Th.8.76; παρ' οὐδὲν μὲν ἦλθον ἀποκτεῖναι (were within a mere nothing, within an ace of killing him), ἐξεκήρυξαν δ' ἐκ πόλεως Aeschin. 3.258
, cf. Plu.Pyrrh. 14, Alex.62; π. τοσοῦτον ἦλθε διαφυγεῖν so near he came to escaping, Luc.Cat.4; παρὰ ἓν πάλαισμα ἔδραμε νικᾶν Ὀλυμπιάδα Hdt.9.33
; παρ' οὐδὲν ἐλθόντες τοῦ ἀποβαλεῖν Plb.1.45.14
, cf. 2.55.4, D.S.17.42: hence without ἐγένετο or ἐλθεῖν, π. μίαν μονάδα (less) by one, i.e. less one, Nicom.Ar.1.8; τεσσαράκοντα π. μίαν, = 39, 2 Ep.Cor.11.24; παρ' ἕνα τοσοῦτοι the same number less one, Plu. Publ.9; σύ μοι παρ' ἕνα ἥκεις ἄγων you have brought me one too few, Luc.Cat.4; δύναται π. δύο συλλαβὰς εἶναι τὸ καταληκτόν Heph.4.2
; τὰ ὁλοκόττινα ηὑρέθησαν π. ἑπτὰ κεράτια seven carats short, PMasp.70.2 (vi A. D.); πάντες παρ' ἕνα, πάντες παρ' ὀλίγους, all save one (a few), Plu.Cat.Mi.20, Ant.5; ἔτη δύο π. ἡμέρας δύο IG5(1).801
([place name] Laconia); of one Μάρκος, θηρίον εἶ π. γράμμα you are a bear ([etym.] ἄρκος) all but a letter, AP11.231 (Ammian.); ὡς π. τι καὶ τὰς ὄψεις ἀφανίσαι so that he all but (lit. less something) lost his sight, Vett.Val.228.6; π. τι βυθίζεσθαι v.l. in Ev.Luc.5.7; τὸ π. τοῦτο the figure less that, i.e. the remainder or difference, PTeb.99.10 (ii B. C.), cf. POxy.264.4 (i A. D.), PAmh.2.148.5 (v A. D.); hence of any difference whether of excess or defect, οὐδὲν π. τοῦτο ποιούμενοι τοὺς.. Λευκανούς τε καὶ τοὺς.. Σαυνίτας making no difference between.., Str.6.1.3, cf. 14.5.11, Plu.2.24c.

6 hence of the margin by which anything increases or decreases, and so of the cause according to which anything comes into existence or varies, τὸ εὖ π. μικρὸν διὰ πολλῶν ἀριθμῶν γίνεται Polyclit.2
(cf. μικρός III. 5 c); διαφέρει π. τὰς τῶν παθημάτων ἐναντιώσεις according to.., Arist.HA 486b5; μεταπίπτει π. τὰ κλίματα Gem. 5.29
, cf. 11.5, al.; π. τὰ πράγματα cj. in Apollod.Car.11.

7 more generally of the margin by which an event occurs, i.e. of the necessary and sufficient cause or motive (τὸ μὴ π. τοῦτο γίνεσθαι τότε λέγομεν, ὅταν ἀναιρεθέντος τούτου μηδὲν ἧττον περαίνηται ὁ συλλογισμός Arist.APr. 65b6
, cf. 48a24, al.), κεινὰν π. δίαιταν just for the sake of unsatisfying food, Pi.O.2.65; ἕκαστος οὐ π. τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἀμέλειαν οἴεται βλάψειν each thinks that his own negligence will not suffice to cause injury, Th.1.141, cf. Isoc.3.48; π. τὴν αὑτοῦ ἁμαρτίαν all through his own fault, Antipho 3.4.5, cf. Isoc.6.52, D.4.11, 18.232; πολλὰ.. ἐστιν αἴτια τούτων, καὶ οὐ παρ' ἓν οὐδὲ δύ' εἰς τοῦτο τὰ πράγματ' ἀφῖκται not from one or two causes only, Id.9.2; οὐ π. τοῦτο οὐκ ἔστι it does not follow that it is not.., 1 Ep.Cor.12.15; π. τὸ τὴν ἀρίθμησιν ποιήσασθαι ἐξ ἑτοίμου τοὺς ἐργώνας οὐκ ὀλίγα χρήματα περιεποίησε τῇ πόλει by the simple fact of prompt payment, IPE12.32B35 (Olbia, iii B. C.); οὐδὲν ἂν παρ' ἕνα ἄνθρωπον ἐγένετο τούτων Lycurg.63
, cf. Plb.3.103.2, 18.28.6, al.; οὐδεὶς παρ' ἑαυτόν ἐστι βασιλεύς thanks to himself alone, Aristeas 224; παρ' αὑτὸν ἀτυχεῖ Arr.Epict.3.24.2
, cf. Phld.Rh.2.16 S.; παρ' ἡμᾶς ἡ τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἀπόστασις Hierocl. in CA25p.477M.
; εἶναι π. τοῦτο σωτηρίαν τε πόλει καὶ τοὐναντίον, i.e. on this depends.., Pl.Lg. 715d, cf. X.Eq.Mag.1.5, D.C.Fr.36.5; π. μίαν ἡμέραν καὶ ἓν πρᾶγμα καὶ ἀπόλλυται προκοπὴ καὶ σῴζεται Epict.Ench.51.2
; π. τὸ Ἕλληνά με εἶναι just because I am a Greek, UPZ7.13 (ii B. C.); π. τὸ ἀγαπᾶν αὐτὸν αὐτήν LXX Ge.29.20
, cf. Ex.14.11; later more loosely, because of.., Phld.Rh.1.158 S., Gem.6.24, etc.; οὐδὲν π. σὲ γέγονε it is no fault of yours, PRyl.243.6 (ii A. D.), cf. POxy.1420.7 (ii A. D.).

8 of a limit of possibility, εἴπερ ἐνεδέχετο π. τοὺς παρόντας καιρούς D.18.239
; πεῖσαι τό γε παρ' αὑτόν to persuade (the judges) so far as in you lies, Arr.Epict.2.2.20; οἴμωζε παρ' ἐμέ as far as I am concerned, for all I care, Ar.Av. 846.

D POSITION: παρά may follow its Subst. in all three cases, but then becomes by anastrophe πάρα: when the ult. is elided, the practice varies, τῇσι παρ' Il.18.400
; but Ἡφαίστοιο πάρ' ib. 191.

E παρά abs., as ADV., near, together, Il.1.611, al., E.IA 201 (lyr.).

F πάρα (with anastrophe) stands for πάρεστι and πάρεισι, Il.1.174, Hes.Op. 454, A.Pers. 167, Hdt.1.42, al., S.El. 285, Ar.Ach. 862, etc.

G IN COMPOS.,

I alongside of, beside, of rest, παράκειμαι, παράλληλοι, παρέζομαι, πάρειμι (εἰμί), παρίστημι; of motion, παραπλέω, πάρειμι ([etym.] εἶμι).

II to the side of, to, παραδίδωμι, παρέχω.

III to one side of, by, past, παρέρχομαι, παροίχομαι, παραπέμπω, παρακμάζω, παρατρέχω.

IV metaph.,

1 aside or beyond, i.e. amiss, wrong, παραβαίνω, παράγω, παροράω, παρορκέω, παρακούω, παραγιγνώσκω.

2 of comparison, as in παραβάλλω, παρατίθημι.

3 of alteration or change, as in παραλλάσσω, παραπείθω, παραπλάσσω, παρατεκταίνω, παραυδάω, παράφημι.

4 of a side-issue, παραπόλλυμι. (Cogn. with Goth. faúr 'along', Lat. por-.)

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παρά
6 ἕλκω

ἕλκω ([full] ἑλκύω late, Tz.H.6.621), Il.24.52, etc., [tense] impf.

A εἷλκον A.Fr.39
, etc., [dialect] Ep.
ἕλκον Il.4.213
,al. (never εἵλκυον): [tense] fut.
ἕλξω A.Supp. 909
, etc., rarely ἑλκύσω [ῠ] Hp.Fract.2, Philem.174: [tense] aor. εἵλκῠσα Batr.232
, Pi.N.7.103, Trag. and [dialect] Att., E.Ph. 987, Ar.Nu. 540, SIG2587.23, al., etc.; ἥλκυσα IG11(2).287
B61 (Delos, ii B.C.), CIG4993,5006 (Egypt, iii A.D.); later εἷλξα, poet. ἕλξα AP9.370
(Tib. Ill.), Orph.A. 258, Gal.Nat.Fac.1.12: [tense] pf. εἵλκῠκα D.22.59
; [tense] pf. part. ἑολκώς prob.in Epich. 177:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. - ύσομαι ([etym.] ἐφ-) Antyll. ap. Orib.6.10.9: [tense] aor. εἱλκυσάμην ([etym.] ἀφ-) v.l. in Hp.Art.11, subj. ἀφελκύσωμαι Ar.Ach. 1120
; rarely εἱλξάμην Gal.4.534
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. ἑλκυσθήσομαι A.Th. 614
([etym.] ξυγκαθ-), Lyc.358, ἑλχθήσομαι Gal.UP7.7
: [tense] aor. εἱλκύσθην Hp.Epid.4.14
, ([etym.] ἐξ-) Ar.Ec. 688, ἑλκ- Hdt.1.140
, ἡλκ- IG12(7).115.11
([place name] Amorgos); later εἵλχθην Ph.2.11
, Philostr.VA8.15, D.L.6.91: [tense] pf. εἵλκυσμαι Hp.Superf. 16
, E.Rh. 576,Ph.1.316, ([etym.] καθ-) Th.6.50, ἕλκυσμαι ([etym.] ἀν-) Hdt.9.98, ἥλκυσμαι BGU1256.11
(ii B.C.): [tense] plpf. εἵλκυστο Hp.Epid.4.36
.—In [dialect] Att., ἕλκω, ἕλξω were alone used in [tense] pres. and [tense] fut., while the other tenses were formed from ἑλκυ-; cf. ἑλκέω (q.v.), ἑλκυστάζω. In Hom., Aristarch. rejected the augm. (Cf. Lat. sulcus, Lith. velkù 'drag'):— draw, drag, with collat.notion of force or exertion, ὣς εἰπὼν ποδὸς ἕλκε began to drag [the dead body] by the foot, Il.13.383; ἤν περ.. ποδῶν ἕλκωσι θύραζε Od.16.276
; τινὰ τῆς ῥινός Luc.Herm.73
; Ἕκτορα.. περὶ σῆμ' ἑτάροιο ἕλκει Il.24.52
; drag away a prisoner, 22.65 ([voice] Pass.); draw ships down to the sea, 2.152, etc.; draw along a felled tree, 17.743; of mules, draw a chariot, 24.324; ἑλκέμεναι νειοῖο.. πηκτὸν ἄροτρον draw the plough through the field, 10.353, cf. 23.518; ἕ. τινὰ ἐπὶ κνάφου Hdt.1.92
; περιβαλόντας σχοινία ἕ. haul at them, Id.5.85.

2 draw after one, ἐν δ' ἔπεσ' Ὠκεανῷ.. φάος ἠελίοιο, ἕλκον νύκτα μέλαιναν Il.8.486
; πέδας ἕ. trail fetters after one, Hdt.3.129; ἕ. χλανίδα let one's cloak trail behind, Ephipp.19(anap.); θοἰμάτιον Archipp.45
.

3 tear in pieces (used by Hom. only in the form ἑλκέω) , ὀνύχεσσι παρειάν E. Tr. 280
; worry, τὰς κύνας ὥλαφος ἕλκοι Theoc.1.135
; ἑλκυσθῆναι ὑπὸ κυνός Hdt.1.140
.

b metaph., carp at, Pi.N.7.103.

4 draw a bow, ἕλκε.. γλυφίδας τε λαβὼν καὶ νεῦρα βόεια Il.4.122
, cf. Od.21.419, Hdt. 3.21, X.An.4.2.28, etc.

5 draw a sword, S.Ant. 1233, E.Rh. 576 ([voice] Pass.):—[voice] Med., ἕλκετο δ' ἐκ κολεοῖο.. ξίφος Il.1.194
.

6 ἕ. ἱστία hoist sails, Od.2.426:—also in [voice] Med.,h.Bacch.32.

7 lift up scales, so as to poise them, ἕλκε δὲ μέσσα λαβών Il.8.72
, 22.212.

II after Hom.,

1 pull a barge-pole, Hdt.1.194.

2 tow a ship, Th.2.90, etc.

3 drag into court, ἕλκω σε κλητεύσοντα Ar.Nu. 1218
, cf. 1004 ([voice] Pass.); εἰς ἀγοράν Act.Ap.16.19
; drag about, esp. with lewd violence, ἕλκει καὶ βιάζεται D.21.150
; μηδένα ἕλξειν μηδ' ὑβριεῖν ib. 221; ἕλκειν γυναῖκα Lys.1.12
: metaph., ἄνω κάτω τοὺς λόγους ἕ. Pl. Tht. 195c, cf. Arist.SE 167a35; ἡμέας ὁ καιρὸς ἕλκει Herod.2.10
; also ἥλκυσμαι λαμπαδάρχης I have been compelled to serve as λ., BGU l.c.

4 draw or suck up, [ἥλιος] ἕλκει τὸ ὕδωρ ἐπ' ἑωυτόν Hdt.2.25
; ἕ. τὸν ἀέρα draw it in, breathe it, Hp.Aër.19, Ti.Locr.101d ([voice] Pass.), cf. Philyll.20: ζωὴν φύσιν Archel. ap. Antig.Mir.89; esp. of persons drinking, drink in long draughts, quaff, μέθυ E. Ion 1200
; ἄμυστιν Id.Cyc. 417
; τὴν.. τοῦ Πραμνίου [σπονδήν] Ar.Eq. 107; οἶνον ἐκ.. λεπαστῆς TeleclId.24 (lyr.); ἀπνευστί Antiph.74.14
, etc.: with acc. of the cup, δέπας μεστὸν.. ἕλκουσι γνάθοις ἀπαύστοις Id.237
, cf. Eub. 56.7, al.; so ἕ. μαστόν suck it, E.Ph. 987; inhale, ὀσμήν Antig.Mir. 89
; of roots, draw up nourishment, Thphr.HP1.6.10: metaph., χανδὸν καὶ ἀμυστὶ τῶν μαθηυάτων ἕ. Eun.VSp.474D.

5 draw from a receptacle, ἐξ ἑκάστου κιβωτίου πινάκιον ἕν Arist.Ath.64.1
.

6 ἕ. βίοτον, ζόαν, drag out a weary life, E.Or. 207 (lyr.), Ph. 1535 (lyr.); προφάσιας ἕ. keep making excuses, Hdt.6.86; πάσας τε προφάσεις.. ἕλκουσι Ar.Lys. 727
; ἕ. χρόνους make long, in prosody, Longin.Proll. Heph.p.83C.: hence intr., ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο λέγεται ἑλκύσαι τὴν σύστασιν.. that the conflict dragged on, lasted, Hdt.7.167, cf. PHib.1.83.9 (iii B.C.):—[voice] Pass., τῶν ἐγκλημάτων εἱκλυσμένων πλείονα χρόνον Supp.Epigr.2.281
(Delph., ii B.C.); also of a person, ἑλκόμενος καὶ μόγις Pl. R. 350d
.

7 ἕ. κόρδακα dance in long, measured steps, Ar.Nu. 540; ἓν τουτὶ ([etym.] σχῆμα) Id. Pax 328.

8 draw to oneself, attract, of the magnet, E.Fr. 567; by spells, τινὰ ποτὶ δῶμα Theoc.2.17
, cf.X.Mem.3.11.18, Plot.4.4.40, etc.; πείθειν καὶ ἑ. Pl.R. 458d; ἐχθροὺς ἐφ' ἑαυτόν D.22.59
; draw on, ἐπὶ ἡδονάς Pl.Phdr. 238a
; εἰς τυραννίδας ἕ. τὰς πολιτείας Id.R. 568c
:—[voice] Pass., to be drawn on as by a spell, ἴυγγι δ' ἕλκομαι ἦτορ Pi.N.4.35
; πρὸς φιλοσοφίαν Pl.R. 494e
.

9 of things weighed, ἕ. σταθμὸν τάλαντα δέκα draw down the balance, i.e. weigh ten talents, Hdt.1.50, cf. Eup.116: abs., τὸ δ' ἂν ἑλκύσῃ whatever it weigh, Hdt. 2.65; πλεῖον ἕ. Pl.Min. 316a.

b ἕ. τὰς ψήφους cast up the account, PPetr.2p.37 (iii B.C.), PHib.1.17.25 (iii B.C.).

10 draw or derive from a source, ἐντεῦθεν εἵλκυσεν ἐπὶ τὴν.. τέχνην τὸ πρός φορον αὐτῇ Pl.Phdr. 270a
, cf. Jul.Or.7.207a; τὸ γένος ἀπό τινος Str.11.9.3
; assume, μείζω φαντασίαν Plb.32.10.5
; ὁ ἄρτος ἕλκει χρῶμα κάλλιστον Ath.3.113c
.

11 ἑλκύσαι πλίνθους make bricks, Hdt.1.179, cf. PPetr.3p.137; ἕ. λάγανον Chrysipp. Tyan. ap. Ath.14.647e.

12 αἱ θυρίδες ἕλκουσι the win dows draw in air, Thphr.Vent.29.

13 ἕ. ἑαυτόν, expressing some kind of athletic exercise, Pl.Prm. 135d.

B [voice] Med., ἕ. χαίτας ἐκ κεφαλῆς tear one's hair, Il.10.15; ἀσσοτέρω πυρὸς ἕλκετο δίφρον drew his chair nearer to the fire, Od.19.506, cf. Semon.7.26.

2 draw to oneself, scrape up, amass, τιμάς, ἄφενος ἕλκεσθαι, Thgn.30.

3 ἕλκεσθαι στάθμας περισσᾶς in Pi.P.2.90, means lit., to drag at too great a line, i.e. grasp more than one's due-- but whence the metaphor is taken remains unexplained.

C [voice] Pass., to be drawn or wrenched, νῶτα.. ἑλκόμενα στερεῶς, of wrestlers, Il.23.715; of the nails, to be curved, Hp.Morb.2.48; to close in when the core is removed, of the timber of certain trees, Thphr.HP5.5.2.

2 to be drawn or to flow at a place, of streams, Lyc.702; πρὸς ἀντολίην ἕ. αἶα D.P.1086
.

3 to be drawn or contracted, εἱλκύσθη ἐπὶ τὰ δεξιὰ τράχηλος Hp.Epid.4.14
.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἕλκω
7 ἕπομαι

ἕπομαι, only in [voice] Med., [full] ἕπομαι, [tense] impf.

A εἱπόμην Il.4.274
, al., Hdt.1.45, Th.3.10, etc., [dialect] Ep. also ἑπόμην Od.2.413
, al.: [tense] fut. ἕψομαι Il.10.108
, etc.: [tense] aor. 2 ἑσπόμην 12.398
, al., in moods without [pref] ἑ- (v. infr.), imper. σπεῖο 10.285
, συνεπί-σπεο Lyr.Alex.Adesp.20
, inf. σπέσθαι Il.5.423
, Od.22.324, part. σπόμενος Call.Hec.1.4.7
; in Prose in compds., ἐπισπέσθαι Pl.Phdr. 248c
, ἐπι-σπόμενος Th.3.43
, etc. (Cf. Skt. sacate 'accompany', 'follow', Lat. sequor, Lith. sèkti'follow'; ἑσπόμην ( Ἀρίσταρχος δασύνει Sch.Il.10.246) fr. ἐ-σπ-όμην, ἐ- (augm.) becoming ἑ- under the influence of ἕπομαι : ἑσπ- does not certainly occur in the moods in Hom.; when found (usu. with v.l. σπ-), it is preceded by an elided vowel, so that σπ- can be read (cf. Ptol.Asc. ap. Sch.Il.l.c.) ; Pi.O.8.11, 9.83, 10(11).78, I.5(4).36 are indecisive ( ἑσπ- only cj. in P.10.17, I.6(5).17); but ἑσποίμην occurs A.R.3.35, ἑσπόμενος 1.103
, 470, 3.615, 4.434, Mosch.2.147, [tense] pres. indic. ἕσπεται A.R.4.1607
, D.P.436, 1140, v.l. for ἔρχεται in Od.4.826 : [tense] pres. part. ἐφεσπόμενος Maiist.46
: Skt. has a redupl. [tense] pres. stem saśc(a)-):— to be or come after, follow,

I of Persons, whether after or in company with, abs., ὁ μὲν ἦρχ', ὁ δ' ἅμ' ἕσπετο Il.11.472
; ἡγήσατο, τοὶ δ' ἅμ' ἕποντο Od.2.413
:—Constr.: c. dat., υἱέϊ σῷ Il.3.174
, cf. 9.428, 10.108, etc.: c. acc., Pi.N.10.37 (s.v.l.), Luc.Asin.51 ; ἕ. ἅμα τινί Il.2.534
, etc.; σοὶ γὰρ ἑψόμεσθ' ἅμα S.El. 253
; with ἅμα doubled, οἵ τοι ἅμ' αὐτῷ Ἴλιον εἰς ἅμ' ἕποντο Od.11.372
, cf. 15.541 ; abs., v. infr. 11.2 ; less freq. ἐπ'. τινος Apollod.Ath. ap. Ath.7.281f (v. infr. 11.1); ἐπί τινι E.Alc. 1032
, X.Cyr.5.2.1, etc.; ἐπὶ βασιλέα against the king, Id.An.1.4.14; μετά τινι Il.18.234
; μετά τινα 13.492
; μετά τινος Ar.Pl. 823
; σύν τινι Od.7.304
, etc.; ὄπισθε Hdt.1.45
, etc.

2 follow, as attendants, οὐκ οἴη, ἅμα τῇ γε καὶ ἀμφίπολοι δὔ ἕποντο Od.1.331
, cf. 8.46, etc.; also, escort, attend, by way of honour, θεοὶ δ' ἅμα πάντες ἕποντο Il.1.424
; νέῳ ὧδε θεοὶ πομπῆες ἕπονται Od.3.376
.

3 in hostile sense, pursue, Il.11.154, etc.; ἀμφὶ δ' ἄρ' αὐτὸν ἕποντο they pressed upon him, ib. 474 (never in Od.); οἱ πελτασταὶ εἵποντο διώκοντες X.An.5.4.24
.

4 keep pace with, ὃς καὶ θνητὸς ἐὼν ἕπεθ' ἵπποις ἀθανάτοισι Il.16.154
, cf. Od.6.319: metaph. of a man's limbs or strength, γούναθ' ἕποιτο, δύναμις καὶ χεῖρες ἕπονται, they do his bidding, Il.4.314, Od.20.237 ; ἕπεσθαι τοῖς καιροῖς τοῦ πολέμου Plu.Pomp.17
.

5 follow the motions of another, ὁ δ' ἑσπόμενος (better δὲ σπ.) πέσε δουρί, of one from whose body a spear is drawn, Il.12.395 ; τρυφάλεια ἅμ' ἕσπετο χειρί the helm went with his hand, i. e. came off in his hand, 3.376 ; [ἔπαλξις] ἕσπετο, i.e. the battlement came down, 12.398.

6 follow on the track of, τῷ στίβῳ τῶν ἵππων X.An.7.3.43
: abs., ἕπεσθε, ὦ κύνες Id.Cyn.6.19
.

7 follow, obey, νόμῳ Hdt.5.18
, Th.2.35; τῷ ξυνῷ Heraclit.2
; μηνυτῆρος φραδαῖς A.Eu. 245
: abs., Id.Ag. 1053, Hdt.0.16; accept an invitation, X.Smp.1.7 ; ἕ. κακοῖς submit to them, S.Tr. 1074.

8 simply, come near, approach, in imper., ἕπεο προτέρω come on nearer, Il.18.387, Od.5.91.

9 follow up, esp. in mind, understand, ἆρ' ἕπομαί σου τῷ λόγῳ; Pl.Prt. 319a ; οὐχ ἕσπου τοῖς λεχθεῖσιν Id.Plt. 280b
; οὐχ ἕπομαι τοῖς λεγομένοις Id.Euthphr. 12a
.

10 of Time,
παραδοῦναι τοῖς ἑπομένοις
to succeeding generations, Id.Phlb. 17d
.

11 impers., ἕπεται διελθεῖν it follows to.., Arist.EN 1111b5.

12 ἑπόμενα, τά, opp. προηγούμενα, backward points, i.e. those lying on the opposite side of the radius vector of a spiral from the direction of its motion, Archim.Spir.11 Def.6.

b Astron., positions following in the daily movement of the heavens, eastward positions, Hipparch.1.11.5, etc.

II of Things, as of bridal presents, ὅσσα ἔοικε φίλης ἐπὶ παιδὸς ἕπεσθαι go with her from the parent's house, Od.1.278, 2.197 (v. supr. 4 and 5).

2 of honour, glory, etc., τούτῳ.. κῦδος ἅμ' ἕψεται Il.4.415
; so ἄτη, τιμὴ ἕπεταί τινι, 9.512, 513, ἕπεται παλαιὸς ὄλβος Pi.P.5.55
; πειθὼ δ' ἕποιτο καὶ τύχη A.Supp. 523
, etc.; ἦ οὐ γιγνώσκεις ὅ τοι ἐκ Διὸς οὐχ ἕπετ' ἀλκή; that no defence attendeth thee from Zeus, Il.8.140, cf. Pi.N.11.43, A.Ag. 854.

3 follow upon (i.e. result from), τῇ ἀχαριστίᾳ ἡ ἀναισχυντία ἕ. X.Cyr. 1.2.7
, etc.; τὰ ἑπόμενα τῆς τοιαύτης κατακοσμήσεως its consequences, Pl.Plt. 271e, cf. R. 504b; ἑπόμενος, opp. προηγούμενος, consequent (opp. antecedent), Dam.Pr. 115 ; τὰ ἑ. [μεγέθη] the consequents in a proportion, opp. ἡγούμενα, Euc.5Def.11, etc.

4 follow suit, agree with, ἕπεται ὁ λόγος..Κάδμοιο κούραις Pi.O.2.22
; ἕπεται ἐν ἑκάστῳ μέτρον ib.13.47 ; ἑπόμενα σωφροσύνῃ things agreeing with.., Pl.Lg. 632c ; ἔργα -όμενα τῇ γραφῇ ib. 934c; τὰ τούτοις ἑ. the like to these, Id.R. 406d ; ἀναγκαῖα καὶ ἑ. ἀλλήλοις interdependent, ib. 486e ; τὸ πρέπον καὶ ἑπόμενον πάσῃ τῇ πολιτείᾳ Id.Lg. 835c
; of Nymphs, οὔτε θνητοῖς οὔτ' ἀθανάτοισιν ἕπονται they belong to.., h.Ven.259.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἕπομαι
8 ὅδε

ὅδε, ἥδε, τόδε, demonstr. Pron.,

A this, formed by adding the enclit. - δε to the old demonstr. Pron. ὁ, ἡ, τό, and declined like it through all cases: [dialect] Ep. dat. pl. τοῖσδεσσι, τοῖσδεσσιν, as well as τοῖσδε, Il.10.462, Od.2.47, al. ; and τοῖσδεσι 10.268
, 21.93 ; τοῖσδεσιν Democr. 175
; τοισίδε Hdt.1.32
, al.: [dialect] Aeol. gen. pl. τῶνδεων Alc.126
: Arg. gen. pl. τωνδεωνήν ( = τῶνδεων ἤν) Mnemos.57.208(vi B. C.): nom. pl. neut. ταδήν ibid., IG4.506.1 ; ταδή Sch.Ar.Ach. 744:—ὅδε, like οὗτος, is opp. ἐκεῖνος, to designate what is nearer as opp. to what is more remote ; but ὅδε refers more distinctly to what is present, to what can be seen or pointed out, though this distinction is sts. not observed, e.g. ξύμπας Ἀχαιῶν λαός, ἐν δὲ τοῖσδ' ἐγώ S.Ph. 1243
(v.l. τοῖς), cf. Ant. 449, and on the other hand, ἦ τόνδε φράζεις;—τοῦτον, ὅνπερ εἰσορᾷς Id.OT 1120
: the forms ὁδί, ἡδί, etc. [pron. full] [ῑ], are freq. in Com. and Oratt., but are not used in Trag.: the [pron. full] ῑ may be separated from the ὅδε by the adversative δέ, as τὸν μὲν.., τηνδεδί Ar.Av.18
, cf. Ec. 989.

I of Place, to point out what is present or before one, Ἕκτορος ἥδε γυνή this is, or here is, the wife of Hector, Il.6.460 : very freq. in Trag., ἀκτὴ μὲν ἥδε Λήμνου S.Ph.
I, cf.E.Tr.4, Ion5,Hel.I,HF 4,Ba.1 ; in Com., ἐγὼ σιωπῶ τῷδε; Ar.Ra. 1134, etc.; and in Prose, ὧν Θεόδωρος εἷς ὅδε Pl.Tht. 164e
; of what belongs to this world, Id.Phdr. 250a, Smp. 211c.

2 with Verbs of action, = here, ἀνδρί, ὅστις ὅδε κρατέει who holds sway here, Il.5.175 ; ἔγχος μὲν τόδε κεῖται ἐπὶ χθονός here it lies, 20.345, cf. 21.533, Od.1.185, etc. ; ἥδ' ἡ κορώνη.. λέγει the crow here.., v.l. in Ar.Av.23 : freq. in Trag., esp. to indicate the entrance of a person on the stage, καὶ μὴν Ἐτεοκλῆς.. ὅδε χωρεῖ here comes.., E.Ph. 443, cf.S.OT 297, 531, 632, OC32, 549; f.l. in E.Heracl.80.

3 with a pers. Pron., ὅδ' ἐγὼ.. ἤλυθον here am I come, Od.16.205 ; ἡμεῖς οἵδε περιφραζώμεθα let us here.., 1.76 ; δῶρα δ' ἐγὼν ὅδε.. παρασχέμεν here am I [ ready] to provide.., Il.19.140 : with a pr. n., ὅδ' εἰμ' Ὀρέστης E.Or. 380
: with αὐτός, ὅδ' αὐτὸς ἐγώ Od.21.207
, 24.321.

4 also with τίς and other interrog. words, τίς δ' ὅδε Ναυσικάᾳ ἕπεται; who is this following her? 6.276, cf. 1.225 ; τί κακὸν τόδε πάσχετε; what is this evil ye are suffering? 20.351 ; πρὸς ποῖον ἂν τόνδ'.. ἔπλει; S.Ph. 572, cf. 1204.

5 in Trag. dialogue, ὅδε and ὅδ' ἀνήρ, = ἐγώ, Id.OT 534, 815, etc.; γυναικὸς τῆσδε, for ἐμοῦ, A.Ag. 1438 ; τῆσδέ γε ζώσης ἔτι S.Tr. 305
; so ξὺν τῇδε χερί with this hand of mine, Id.Ant.43, cf. OT 811.

6 in Arist., τοδί designates a particular thing, 'such and such', τοδὶ διὰ τοδὶ αἱρεῖται EN 1151a35
; τόδε μετὰ τόδε GA 734a28
, cf. b9 ; Καλλίᾳ κάμνοντι τηνδὶ τὴν νόσον τοδὶ συνήνεγκε Metaph. 981a8
; τόδε τὸ ἐν τῷ ἡμικυκλίῳ APo. 71a20
; ἥδε ἡ ἰατρική, opp. αὐτὴ ἡ ἰ., Metaph. 997b30 ; τόδε τι a this, i.e. a fully specified particular, Cat. 3b10, al., cf. Gal.6.113,171 ; τόδε τι καὶ οὐσία Arist.Metaph. 1060b1
; πορευσόμεθα εἰς τήνδε τὴν πόλιν Ep. Jac.4.13.

II of Time, to indicate the immediate present, ἥδ' ἡμέρα S.OT 438
, etc.: more strongly, κατ' ἦμαρ.. τὸ νῦν τόδε Id.Aj. 753
; τοῦδ' αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος Od.14.161
; but νυκτὸς τῆσδε in the night just past, S.Aj.21 ; νυκτὶ τῇδε Id.El. 644
; so τῆσδε τῆς ὁδοῦ on this present journey, Id.OT 1478, cf. Ant. 878 (cj.) ; also ἀπόλλυμαι τάλας ἔτος τόδ' ἤδη δέκατον now for these ten years, Id.Ph. 312 ; τῶνδε τῶν ἀσκητῶν athletes of the present day, Pl.R. 403e.

2 ἐς τόδε elliptic c. gen., ἐς τόδ' ἡμέρας E.Ph. 425
; ἐς τόδε ἡλικίης Hdt.7.38
; πῶς ἐς τόδ' ἂν τόλμης ἔβη; S.OT 125.

III in sentences beginning this is.., the Engl. this is freq. represented by nom. pl. neut. τάδε ; ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἔρανος τάδε γ' ἐστίν this is not an ἔρανος, Od.1.226 ; ἆρ' οὐχ ὕβρις τάδ'; is not this insolence? S.OC 883 ; of persons, Ἀπόλλων τάδ' ἦν this was A., S. OT 1329 (lyr.) ; οὐ γὰρ ἔσθ' Ἕκτωρ τάδε E.Andr. 168
; οὐκέτι Τροία τάδε Id.Tr. 100
(anap.) ; οὐ τάδε Βρόμιος Id.Cyc.63
(lyr.) ; οὐκ Ἴωνες τάδε εἰσίν Th.6.77
; τάδ' οὐχὶ Πελοπόννησος, ἀλλ' Ἰωνία Inscr. ap.Str.9.1.6.

2 to indicate something immediately to come, τόδε μοι κρήηνον ἐέλδωρ (which then follows) Il.1.41, 504, cf. 455, al. ; Ἀθηναίων οἵδε ἀπέθανον IG12.943.2
: hence, in historical writers, opp. what goes before (cf. οὗτος c. 1.2), ταῦτα μὲν Λακεδαιμόνιοι λέγουσι.., τάδε δὲ ἐγὼ γράφω Hdt.6.53
; ταῦτα μὲν δὴ σὺ λέγεις· παρ' ἡμῶν δὲ ἀπάγγελλε τάδε X.An.2.1.20
, etc. ; v. οὗτος B.1.2 ; opp. ἐκεῖνος, S.El. 784 : rarely applied to different persons in the same sentence, νῦν ὅδε [La<*>us] πρὸς τῆς τύχης ὄλωλεν, οὐδὲ τοῦδ' ὕπο [ by Oedipus] Id.OT 948.

3 as 'antecedent' to a defining Relat., ὃν πόλις στήσειε, τοῦδε χρὴ κλύειν Id.Ant. 666
, cf. Tr.23, Ph.87, etc.: in Hom., in such cases, the δέ is separate, as ὃς δέ κε μηρίνθοιο τύχῃ.., ὁ δ' οἴσεται ἡμιπέλεκκα Il.23.858
, cf. Od.11.148, 149, al. (but ὅδε sts. has its deictic force and the relat. clause merely explains, as νήσου τῆσδ' ἐφ' ἧς ναίει S.Ph. 613
, cf. Il.2.346, X.An.7.3.47, etc.).

IV Adverbial usage of some cases:

1 τῇδε,

a of Place, here, on the spot, Il.12.345, Od. 6.173, etc. ; so τῶν τε ὑπὸ γῆς θεῶν καὶ τῶν τ. Pl.Lg. 958d
.

b of Manner, thus, A.Eu.45 ; ὅρα δὲ καὶ τ., ὅτι.. Pl.Phd. 79e
, cf. R. 433e, etc.

2 acc. neut. τόδε with ἱκάνω, etc., hither, to this spot, Il.14.298, Od.1.409, al. ; also δεῦρο τόδε Il.14.309
, Od.17.444, 524.

b therefore, on this account, τόδε χώεο 23.213
: so also acc. pl. neut.,
τάδε γηθήσειε
on this account, Il.9.77
.

3 dat. pl. neut., τοισίδε in or with these words, τοισίδε ἀμείβεται Hdt.1.120
; τοισίδε προέχει in these respects, ib.32.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὅδε
9 ἐντός

ἐντός, ([etym.] ἐν)

A within, inside, opp. ἐκτός:

I Prep. c. gen., which mostly follows, but may precede, τείχεος ἐ. Il.12.380
, al., cf. Ἀρχ. Ἐφ. 1920.33
([dialect] Boeot., V B.C.); ἐ. Ὀλύμπου Hes.Th.37
; στέρνων ἐ. A.Ag. 77
(anap.); σ' ἔθρεψεν ἐ... ζώνης Id.Eu. 607
; ἐ. ἐμεωυτοῦ in my senses, under my own control, Hdt.7.47; ἐ. ἑωυτοῦ γίνεσθαι Id.1.119
, cf.Hp. Epid.7.1; ἐ. ὢν εἰπεῖν αὑτοῦ D.34.20
; ἐ. τῶν λογισμῶν Plu.Alex.32
; ἐ. ὑμῶν in your hearts, Ev.Luc.17.21; τῶν μαθημάτων ἐ. Dicaearch.1.30
; γραμμάτων ἐ. Sor.1.3
;
ἐ. εἶναι τῶν συμβαινόντων παθῶν
acquainted with, Chrysipp.Stoic.3.120
; ἐ. τοξεύματος within shot, E.HF 991, X. Cyr.1.4.23; οὐδ' ἐντὸς πολλοῦ πλησιάζειν not within a great distance, Pl.Smp. 195b, cf. Th.2.77; ἐ. ποιεῖν put within, τῶν τειχῶν Id.7.5
; ἐ. ποιεῖσθαι τῶν ἐπιτάκτων Id.6.67
; ἐ. πλαισίου ποιησάμενοι X.An.7.8.16
; of troops, ἐ. αὐτῶν within their own lines, ib.1.10.3: also with Verbs of motion, τείχεος ἐ. ἰόντες Il.12.374
; πύργων ἔπεμψεν ἐντός E.Tr.12
.

2 within, i.e. on this side, ἐ. Ἅλυος ποταμοῦ Hdt.1.6
, cf. 8.47, Th.1.16; ἡ ἐ. Ἱσπανία, = Lat. Hispania Citerior, Plu.Cat.Ma.10; ἐ. τοῦ Πόντου Hdt.4.46
; ἐ. ὅρων Ἡρακλείων Pl.Ti. 25c
; ἐ. τῶν μέτρων τετμημένον μέταλλον within the bounds of the adjacent property, an encroachment, Hyp.Eux.35; τῶν μέτρων ἐ. D.37.36
; also ἐ. τῶν πρῳρέων.. καὶ τοῦ αἰγιαλοῦ between.., Hdt.7.100.

3 of Time, within, ἐ. οὐ πολλοῦ χρόνου Antipho 5.69
; ἐ. εἴκοσιν ἡμερῶν Th.4.39
, cf. IG12.114.40, etc.; ἐ. ἑξήκοντ' ἐτῶν Amphis 20.2
; ἐ. ἑσπέρας short of, i.e. before, evening, X.Cyn.4.11; ἐ. ἑβδόμης before the seventh of the month, Hsch.; οἱ τῆς ἡλικίας ἐ. γεγονότες short of manhood, Lys.2.50; τῆς πρεπούσης ἐ. ἡλικίας within the fitting limits of age, Pl.Ti. 18d.

4 with Numbers, ἐ. εἴκοσιν [ἐτῶν] under twenty, Ar.Ec. 984; ἐ. δραχμῶν πεντήκοντα within, i.e. under.., Pl.Lg. 953b.

5 of Degrees of relationship, ἐ. ἀνεψιότητος within the relationship of cousins, nearer than cousins, ib. 871b, Lexap.D.43.57.

II Adv. within, ἐ. ἐέργειν Il.2.845
, Od.7.88; χώρην ἐ. ἀπέργειν Hdt.3.116
; ἐ. ἔχειν τινάς Th.7.78
; ἐ. ποιῆσαι or ποιήσασθαι, Id.5.2, 6.75: freq. with the Art., ἐκ τοῦ ἐ., = ἔντοσθε, Id.2.76; τὰ ἐ. the inner parts of the body (of ἥ τε φάρυγξ καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα), ib.49, cf. Pl. Prt. 334c, etc.; τοὐντός, opp. τοὔξω, S.Ichn.302;
ἐ.
in the Mediterranean, Arist.Mu. 393a12
.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐντός
10 σκέλλομαι

σκέλλομαι

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to dry up, to wither, to languish, to grow tired, to harden', act. `to dry up, to parch'.

Other forms: ( κατεσκέλλοντο A. Pr. 481, σκελλόμενα σκελετευόμενα H.), fut. 3 pl. σκελοῦνται σκελετισθήσονται H., perf. ἔσκληκα, mostly with κατα-, ἀπο-, ἐν- a. o. (Epich., Hp., Choeril., hell. a. late), aor. κατα-, ἀπο-σκλῆναι, 3. sg. ἀπ-έσκλη (Ar., Men., Alciphr.), opt. ἀπο-σκλαίῃ (Moer., H., Suid.); fut. 2. sg. ἀπο-σκλήσῃ (AP); few act. forms: aor. opt. σκήλειε (Ψ 191), subj. ἐνι-σκήλῃ (Nic. Th. 694), ind. ἔσκειλα (Zonar.)

Derivatives: 1. σκελετός m. `dried up body, mummy, skeleton' (Phryn. Com., Pl. Com. [appositive], Phld., Str. etc.), as attribute `dried up' (Nic. Th. 696), with σκελετ-ώδης `mummy-like' (Luc., Erot.), - εύω ( κατα σκέλλομαι) `to mummify, to dry up, to parch' (Teles, Dsc. a. o.), - εύομαι ( κατα-) `to dry up, to languish' (Ar. Fr. 851, Isoc., Gal. a. o.), to which - εία (- ίη) f. `the drying up, withering' (Gal., Aret.), - ευμα n. `that which has withered' (sch.); - ίζομαι = - εύομαι (H., Zonar.). 2. σκελιφρός `dried up, meagre, slender' (Hp., Erot. [v.l. - εφρός]); cf. σκληφρός, στιφρός (untenable on σκελε-: σκελι- Specht Ursprung 126; s. also below). 3. σκληρός `hard, brittle, harsh, severe' (Hes., also Dor.) with σκληρ-ότης, - ύνω, - υσμα, - υσμός, - όομαι etc. 4. σκληφρός `slender, weak, small, thin' (Pl., Theopomp. Com.; also Arist.); in form and meaning influenced by ἐλα-φρός (cf. below). 5. - σκελής as 2. member referring to the verb after Schwyzer 513 (a noun *σκέλος `drought, emaciation, exhaustion; hardness, brittleness' is in any case not attested): περι-σκελής `very hard, brittle, inflexible' (Hp., S., hell. a. late) with περισκέλεια (- ία) f. `hardness, inflexibility' (Arist., medic., Porph.); κατασκελ-ής (: κατα-σκέλλομαι) `meagre' (of stile), `powerless, brittle' (D. H., Prol.); unclear ἀ-σκελής (Hom., Nic.), as adj. of people in ἀσκελέες καὶ ἄθυμοι (κ 463), approx. `powerless and despondent', elsewhere as adv. - ές, - έως of crying resp. be engry (δ 543; T 68 a. α 68), of suffering (Nic. Th. 278), approx. `incessantly, violently'. As ἀ- can be both privative and copulative and σκέλλομαι, ἔσκληκα refers both to fading away and to growing hard, diff. interpretations are thinkable (not convincing Bechtel Lex. s. v.; s. also above (Frisk) I 163 s. v. ἀσκελής and Bq w. lit.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [927] * skelh₁- `dry (up), wither'

Etymology: From the above survey we find a system ἔσκληκα: σκλῆναι like e.g. τέτλη-κα: τλῆ-ναι; to this the full grade yot-present σκέλλομαι as ἀνα-τέλλω. The aoristforms σκήλειε and ἐνι-σκήλῃ stand therefore for σκειλ- (\< σκελ-σ-), perh. as old analogy to σφήλειε a. o. (cf. Schwyzer 756 w. lit.). Other deviations are ἐσκληῶτες (A. R.), after τεθνηῶτες, ἑστηῶτες (cf. Kretschmer Glotta 3, 311 f.), ἀπο-σκλαίη after τεθναίη, σταίη a. o. Because of Dor. σκληρός, σκελε-τός (cf. ἔ-τλᾱν, τελα-μών) - αι- cannot be old. -- The verb has maintained itself best in the perf. ἔσκληκα, was however elsewhere as the ep. τέρσομαι, τερσαίνω by ξηραίνω, αὑαίνω pushed back and replaced. Of the few derivv. esp. the semant. emancipated σκληρός maintained itself. -- Nearer non-Greek cognates do not exist. From other languages have been adduced: Germ. NHG schal `faint, vapid', LG. also `dry, barren', MEngl. schalowe `faint, tired, shallow' (NEngl. shallow), Swed. skäll `meagre' (of the bottom), `thin, faint' (of food, soup, beer), `sourish' (of milk), PGm. * skala-, -i̯a-; without anl. s-: Latv. kàlss `meagre', kàlstu, kàlst `dry up'; Germ., e.g. LG. hal(l) `dry, meagre', NHG hellig `tired, exhausted (by thirst)', behelligen `tire, vex'; Toch. A kleps-, B klaiks- `dry up, languish' (v. Windekens Orbis 11, 342 f. with direct identification with σκελιφ-ρός, σκληφρός; dif. on this above. On the very doubtful connection of σκελετός with Lat. calidus Bloch Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 24. -- Older lit. in Bq and WP. 2, 597.

Page in Frisk: 2,722-723

Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκέλλομαι
11 κατατίθημι

κατατίθημι, [tense] fut. - θήσω: Hom. freq. uses the [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. forms, [voice] Act. κάτθεμεν, κάτθετε, κάτθεσαν, inf. κατθέμεν ([dialect] Dor. κατθέμειν prob. in Epich.71, [dialect] Aeol.

A κά (θ) θηκε Schwyzer647a
(Naucratis, vi B.C.)), [voice] Med. κατθέμεθα, κατθέσθην, κατθέμενοι (sg. κάτθετο A.R.3.867
); also καταθείομεν, [tense] aor. subj. for καταθῶμεν, Od.21.264; καταθείομαι, [tense] aor. subj. [voice] Med. for καταθῶμαι, Il.22.111, Od.19.17:—place, put, lay down, folld. by various Preps., κ. ἄρνας ἐπὶ χθονός Il.3.293
; κόρυθ' ἐπὶ χθονί 6.473
; κ. τινὰ ἐν Λυκίης δήμῳ or εἰς Ἰθάκην, set him down in.., 16.683, Od.16.230; τινὰ ἐν λεχέεσσι Il.18.233
; τεύχε' ἐς θάλαμον Od.24.166
; ἐς μέγαρον ἐπὶ θρόνου 20.96
; κλισίην τινὶ παρὰ πυρί 19.55
; τι ὑπὸ ζυγά 13.20
; τι ἐκ καπνοῦ take down out of the smoke, 16.288, 19.7.

2 put down, offer as a prize, ἄπυρον κατέθηκε λέβητα Il.23.267
, cf. 885 (tm.); κ. ἄεθλα Od.24.91
; but κ. ἄεθλον ordain a contest, 19.572; εἰς τὴν ἀγορὰν γράμματα κ. set up as a public notice, Pl.Lg. 946d; so also κ. τι ἐς μέσον put it down in the midst, i.e. for common use, E.Cyc. 547, cf. Ar.Ec. 602; οὐσίαν, χρήματα κ., ib. 855, 871; τὰ ὅπλα εἰς τὸ μέσον X.Cyr.2.1.14
; but ἐς μέσον Πέρσῃσι κ. τὰ πρήγματα communicate power to them, give them a common share of it, Hdt. 3.80; ἐς μέσον Κῴοισι κ. τὴν ἀρχήν Id.7.164
; τὸ αὑτῶν ἔργον ἅπασι κοινὸν κ. Pl.R. 369e
; κ. εἰς τὸ μέσον or εἰς τὸ κοινόν, propose for common discussion, Id.Phlb. 14b, Cra. 384c.

3 put down as payment, pay down, Hdt.9.120, Ar.Ra. 176, Nu. 246, Th.1.27, Pl.Prt. 314b, Lg. 921d, etc.; τέλη Antipho 5.77
; μετοίκιον Lys.31.9
; τὸ ὄφλημα D. 21.99
, cf. 151; τὰς συμβολάς Antiph.26.8
; put down as paid (in accounts), X. Oec.9.8; τί.. τουτοινὶ καταθῶ σοι .. ; what shall I pay you for these? Ar. Pax 1214: generally, pay, perform what one has promised, νικῶντί γε χάριν κ. Pi.N.7.76
; ἃ δ' ὑπέσχεο ποῖ καταθήσεις; S. OC 227 (anap.):—alsoin [voice] Med., v.infr.11.7.

b dedicate, Schwyzer647a (Naucratis, vi B.C.), 682 (2) (Cypr.), al.

4 deposit, παρακαταθήκην ὲς .. Hdt.5.92.
ή; ἐνέχυρα IG5(2).344.18
(Orchom.Arc., iii B.C.):— in this sense usu. in [voice] Med., cf. 11.4.

b mortgage, Leg.Gort.6.19, Test.Epict.2.13, etc.

5 deposit in the tomb, bury, v.l. in Ev.Marc. 15.46.

6 sow seed, POxy.1031.17 (iii A.D.).

7 κ. ὁδόν lay down, make a road, Pi.P.5.90.

8 dish up, serve, Epich.71.

9 in late form κατατίθω, consign, ἀγγέλοις καταχθονίοις Tab.Defix.Aud. 75.1
.

II [voice] Med., lay down from oneself, put off, lay aside, esp. of arms, τεύχεα.., τὰ μὲν κατέθεντ' ἐπὶ γαίῃ Il.3.114
, cf. Od.22.141 (hence, comically, θυμὸν κατάθου παρὰ τὴν ὀργὴν ὥσπερ ὁπλίτης Ar.Av. 401
); χλαίνας μὲν κατέθεντο κατὰ κλισμούς Od.17.86
; ζώναν καταθηκαμένα, of a maiden, Pi.O.6.39; θοἰμάτιον, etc., Ar.Pl. 926, etc.; τὴν χλαμύδα (of the ἔφηβος) prob. in Philem.34; τὴν μοναρχίαν lay down, Plu.Fab.9.

2 metaph., put an end to, settle, τὸν πόλεμον Th.1.121
, Lys.33.6, D.19.264:—[voice] Pass., ξυμφορᾶς μετρίως κατατιθεμένης being arranged on tolerable terms, Th.4.20.

b put aside, leave out of the question, τοὺς ποιητάς Pl.Prt. 348a
, cf. Ti. 59c, Democr.3; κ. ἐν ἀμελείᾳ treat negligently, X.Mem.1.4.15.

3 lay down in a place; of the dead, bury, Od.24.190; κ. πηδάλιον ὑπὲρ καπνοῦ Hes.Op.45
; τὰς μαχαίρας ἐνθαδί Ar.Eq. 489
; [ τὰ στρώματα] Id.Ra. 166; ὤμοισι κατ' ἄμβροτα θήκατο τεύχη on one's shoulders, Q.S.12.303; put on shore, disembark, Luc.Alex.57; ποῖ δὴ ἡμᾶς ὁ ἀνὴρ -θήσεται; Plu.Caes.37: metaph., πολλὰ αἱ μακραὶ ἁμέραι κατέθεντο λύπας ἐγγυτέρω have brought them nearer.., S.OC 1216 (lyr.).

4 deposit for oneself, lay by, lay up in store (v.supr.1.4), [γαστέρας] ἐπὶ δόρπῳ for supper, Od.18.45; ἔντεα ἐς θάλαμον 19.17
; ὅπλα εἰς τὰς ἄκρας X.Cyr.7.5.34
; βίον Hes.Op. 601
; σμικρὸν ἐπὶ σμικρῷ ib. 361; καρποὺς ἐς φορβήν Hdt.1.202
; παραθήκην Id.6.73
; χρήματα Antipho Soph.54
; θησαυρὸν παισί Thgn.409
; θησαυροὺς ἐν οἴκῳ X. Cyr.8.2.15
; μυρίους δαρεικοὺς εἰς τὸ ἴδιον ἐμοί Id.An.1.3.3
; [ σῖτον] hoarditup in hope of high prices, Lys.22.9.

b metaph., κλέος lay up store of glory, Hdt.7.220, 9.78, Pl.Smp. 208c; ἀΐδιον δόξαν κ. Th. 4.87
; κ. ἀποστροφήν τινι X. An.7.6.34
: freq. χάριτα or χάριν κατατίθεσθαι τινι or πρός τινα, lay up a store of gratitude or favour, Hdt.6.41, 7.178, Antipho 5.61, Th.1.33, D.59.21, etc.; εὐεργεσίαν κ. ἐς βασιλέα Th.1.128
(so in [voice] Pass., μεγάλων μοι κατατεθεισῶν ἐς αὐτὸν εὐεργεσιῶν Hdn.3.6.2
, cf. 1.4.3); also ἔχθραν καταθέσθαι πρὸς ἐκείνους ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν Lys.2.22
; κατέθετο μῖσος διπλάσιον τῆς οὐσίας Men.626
; but κ. ὀργὴν εἴς τινας vent one's fury upon.., X. Cyn.10.8.

5 deposit in a place of safety, τοὺς πρέσβεις κατέθεντο εἰς Αἴγιναν Th.3.72
; τὴν λείαν ἐς τοὺς Βιθυνούς X.HG1.3.2
; κ. εἰς τὸ οἴκημα D.56.4
; οἴκαδε Pl.Prt. 314a
; διαθήκην παρά τινι Is.6.27
; φιλίαν παρὰ θεούς X.An.2.5.8
; [Διόνυσον] ἐν Δρακάνῳ Theoc.26.34
:—[voice] Pass., of prisoners, ἐν τῷ δεσμωτηρίῳ κατατεθῶσιν Lex ap.D.24.63, cf. D.C.58.1.

6 lay up in memory or as a memorial, χρὴ.. γνώμην ταύτην ( ταύτῃ Bgk.) καταθέσθαι Thgn.717
; μνημεῖον παρά τινι Pl.Tht. 209c
; κ. εἰς μνήμην record, register, Id.Lg. 858d; κ. τι ἐς βιβλίον D.61.2
; γνώμην -θέσθαι εἰς μέσον D.H.Rh.9.4
.

7 pay (cf. 1.3), ἐκφόριον BGU1059.22
(i B.C.), cf. PTeb.329.7 (ii A.D.), etc.

b employ, spend, τὴν ἀκμὴν.. πρὸς τί κατατιθέμενος on what he is employing the prime of life, Apollod. Com.13.4; τὸν βίον εἴς τι Phld.Rh.1.244
S.; κ. τὴν σχολὴν εἰς καλόν τι employ one's leisure in.., Plu.2.135d; τὴν τοῦ λέγειν δύναμιν εἰς τὴν τῶν ἀδικουμένων βοήθειαν D.S.9.13
; σπουδὴν-τιθέμενοι Polystr.p.19 W.

8 impose, ὄνομα Parm.19.3
, cf. 8.39; but μορφὰς κατέθεντο δύο γνώμας ὀνομάζειν recorded their decision, decided to name, ib.53.

9 in Law, depose, aver, ἐν ὑπομνήμασι PLips.35.16
(iv A.D.), cf. Cod.Just.1.5.16.1, etc.

b = συγκατατίθεμαι, Eust. 1261.19.

c make a testamentary disposition, κ. διαθηκιμαίαν βούλησιν PMasp.151.43
, al. (vi A.D.).—Freq. in Hom. and familiar [dialect] Att.; rare in Trag.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κατατίθημι
12 ἐγγύς

ἐγγύς adv. freq. funct. as prep.(Hom.+) comp. ἐγγύτερον (X. et al.; Jos., Ant. 19, 217 [cp. C. Ap. 2, 224 ἐγγίω]); superl. ἔγγιστα (Antiphon, Hippocr. et al.; ins [BCH 18, 1894, p. 324 no. 2, 26; OGI index]; BGU 69, 8; 759, 9; LXX; TestAbr A 2, p. 78, 14 [Stone p. 4], B 13 p. 117, 24 [Stone p. 82]; TestJob 2:2; Joseph. [always; e.g., Bell. 1, 289, Ant. 4, 254]).

① pert. to being in close proximity spatially, near, close to

ⓐ abs. ἐ. εἶναι be close by J 19:42; IRo 10:2; Hs 9, 6, 6; αἱ ἐγγὺς κῶμαι the neighboring villages Mk 1:38 D (Appian, Iber. 42 §174 οἱ ἐγγὺς βάρβαροι; likew. Appian, Syr. 42 §220). αἱ ἔγγιστα ἐκκλησίαι the closest assemblies IPhld 10:2; cp. Mk 6:36 D οἱ ἔγγιστα ἀγροί (Dionys. Hal. 1, 22, 1 ἡ ἔγγιστα νῆσος; Ps.-Callisth. 2, 11, 6).

ⓑ w. gen. (Hom. et al.; also Joseph. as a rule [Schmidt 379f]; TestDan 6:11; TestJob 2:2) ἐ. τοῦ Σαλίμ J 3:23; ἐ. Ἰερουσαλήμ Lk 19:11; J 11:18; Ac 1:12; ἐ. τῆς πόλεως J 19:20; ἐ. τοῦ τόπου 6:23; ἐ. τῆς ἐρήμου 11:54; ἐ. ὑδάτων Hv 3, 2, 9; 3, 7, 3. W. gen. of pers. Hs 8, 6, 5; 9, 6, 2; ApcPt 20:34.

ⓒ w. dat. (Il. 22, 453; X., Cyr. 2, 3, 2; al. in later writers as Polyb. 21, 28, 8; Dionys. Hal. 6, 52. Cp. Kühner-G. I 408; JObrecht, D. echte u. soziative Dativ bei Pausanias, Zürich diss. 1919, 14; Ps 33:19; 144:18; Jos., Ant. 1, 335; 7, 218) Ac 9:38; 27:8.

ⓓ ἐ. γίνεσθαι come near (opp. μακρὰν εἶναι) Eph 2:13. W. gen. (Vett. Val. 196, 28f) 2 Cl 7:3; 18:2; ἐ. τοῦ πλοίου γίνεσθαι J 6:19; ἐ. τινος ἔρχεσθαι (Theophanes, Chron. 389, 12f de Boor ἐγγύς σου ἐλθεῖν=come to you; BGU 814, 30f [III A.D.]) Hv 4, 1, 9 (Unknown Sayings 85f quotes Ox 1224, Fgm. 2 recto I, 5 [ἐγγὺς ὑμῶν γ]ενήσεται).

② pert. to being close in point of time, near

ⓐ of the future: καιρός Mt 26:18; Rv 1:3; 22:10. Of summer (Herodas 3, 45 ὁ χειμὼν [winter] ἐγγύς) Mt 24:32; Mk 13:28; Lk 21:30. Of a festival J 2:13; 6:4; 7:2; 11:55. Of God’s reign Lk 21:31. Of the parousia Phil 4:5; 1 Cl 21:3; B 21:3. Of death Hs 8, 9, 4. ἐγγύτερον ἡμῶν ἡ σωτηρία, ἢ … our salvation is nearer than … Ro 13:11. Abs. soon ἐ. τὸ ἔργον τελεσθήσεται will soon be completed Hs 9, 10, 2.

ⓑ of the past ἔγγιστα a very short time ago 1 Cl 5:1.

③ pert. to being close as experience or event, close, extension of mng 1 (Vi. Aesopi I 6 p. 241, 7 Eberh. ἐγγὺς ἡ γνώμη=his purpose is obvious) ἐ. σου τὸ ῥῆμά ἐστιν the word is close to you, explained by what follows: in your mouth and your heart Ro 10:8 (Dt 30:14); κατάρας ἐ. close to being cursed=under a curse Hb 6:8 (cp. Ael. Aristid. 26, 53 K.=14 p. 343 D.: ἀμήχανον καὶ κατάρας ἐγγύς); ἐ. ἀφανισμοῦ ready to disappear altogether 8:13; οἱ ἐ. (opp. οἱ μακράν as Is 57:19; Esth 9:20; Da 9:7 Theod.; TestNapht 4:5) those who are near Eph 2:17; ἐ. (εἶναι) be near of God Hv 2, 3, 4 (cp. Dio Chrys. 14 [31], 87 τινὲς σφόδρα ἐγγὺς παρεστῶτες τοῖς θεοῖς); πάντα ἐ. αὐτῷ ἐστιν everything is near (God) 1 Cl 27:3; cp. IEph 15:3 (Just., A I, 21, 6); ἐ. μαχαίρας ἐ. θεοῦ close to the sword (martyrdom) is close to God ISm 4:2 (cp. Paroem. Gr. II p. 228, Aesop 7 ὁ ἐγγὺς Διός, ἐγγὺς κεραυνοῦ; Pla., Philebus 16c ἐγγυτέρω θεῶν; X., Mem. 1, 6, 10; Pythag., Ep. 2; Crates, Ep. 11 ἐγγυτάτω θεοῦ; Lucian, Cyn. 12 οἱ ἔγγιστα θεοῖς; Wsd 6:19). Agr 3 s.v. πῦρ c. ἐ. ἐπὶ θύραις at (your) very door Mt 24:33; Mk 13:29.—B. 867. DELG. M-M. TW.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐγγύς
13 αὐτόθεν

αὐτόθεν, before a conson. sts. [full] αὐτόθε, Theoc.5.60, Supp.Epigr.2.293 (Delph., iii/ii B. C.): Adv.

I of Place, = ἐξ αὐτοῦ τοῦ τόπου, from the very spot: freq. with a Prep., αὐ. ἐξ ἕδρης straight from his seat, without rising, Il.19.77; αὐ. ἐξ ἑδρέων Od.13.56
, cf. 21.420; ἐκ τοῦ Ἄργους αὐ. Th.5.83
; Ἄργεος ἐξ ἱεροῖο αὐ. Theoc.25.171
: rare in Trag.,
σὺ δ' αὐ. μοι χαῖρε
from where you stand, not coming nearer, S. OC 1137
; τῶν μὲν αὐ. τῶν δὲ ἀπὸ Στρυμόνος some from the country itself, others.., Hdt.1.64; αὐ. παρασκευῇ ἐπιέναι with a force raised on the spot, Th.6.21; αὐ. πολεμοῦντα βιοτεύειν live on the country, Id.1.11; ὅπως αὐ. αὐτῷ τὰ σώματα καὶ τὴν γνώμην παρασκευάζοιντο X.Ages.1.28
;
οἱ αὐ.
the natives, Th.2.25
, 6.21, cf. 4.129; χρυσὸς αὐ.
καθαρός
in its native state, Plb.34.10.12
; ἐνθένδ' αὐ. Ar.Ach. 116
; ὕδωρ αὐ. ποθὲν συλλειβόμενον Luc.Alex.13
.

2 from oneself, of one's own accord, spontaneously, Demetr.Eloc.32; αὐ. εἰδέναι τι Dam. Pr. 351
.

II of Time, as we say on the spot, i.e. at once, immediately, Il.20.120, A.Supp. 102, Hdt.8.64, Th.1.141; δῆλός ἐστιν αὐ. Ar.Eq. 330
, cf.Ec. 246, Pl.Grg. 470e; λέγετε αὐ. Id.Smp. 213a
.

2 obuiously, αὐ. ἐκφανής self-evident, Cleom.1.8; αὐ. γνώριμος Muson. Fr.1p.2H.
; αὐ. πρόδηλον S.E.P.2.164
; αὐ. φαίνεσθαι Plu.2.930a
; αὐ. ἐναργής Plot.5.5.1
.

3 hastily, Plb.5.35.13, al., D.S.1.37.

III merely, only, dub. in Pl.Sph. 22cb, cf. Plu.2.631d, Luc.Merc.Cond.4.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > αὐτόθεν
14 γένος

γένος, εος or ους, τό,

A race, stock, kin, ἀμφοτέροισιν ὁμὸν γ. ἠδ' ἴα πάτρη Il.13.354
; αἷμά τε καὶ γ. Od.8.583
; ὑμετέρου δ' οὐκ ἔστι γένεος βασιλεύτερον 15.533
; γένος πατέρων αἰσχυνέμεν Il.6.209
; γ. ἀπόλωλε τοκήων Od.4.62
; ὅθι τοι γένος ἐστὶ καὶ αὐτῇ 6.35
: freq. abs. in acc., ἐξ Ἰθάκης γένος εἰμί from Ithaca I am by race, 15.267, cf. Il. 5.544, 896, S.Ph. 239, etc.; in [dialect] Att. freq. with the Art.,
ποδαπὸς τὸ γένος εἶ
; Ar. Pax 186
, cf. Pl.Sph. 216a: so in dat., γένει πολῖται D.23.24
; γένει υἱός, opp. an adopted son, Id.44.2; οἱ ἐν γένει, = συγγενεῖς, S.OT 1430; οἱ ἔξω γένους Id.Ant. 660
; οὐδὲν ἐν γένει Id.OT 1016
; γένει προσήκειν τινί X.An.1.6.1
; γένει ἀπωτέρω εἶναι D. 44.13
: in gen., γένους εἶναί τινος to be of his race, ἄναγνος καὶ γένους τοῦ Λαΐου S.OT 1383
, cf. X.HG4.2.9; ἐγγυτέρω, ἐγγύτατα γένους, nearer, next of kin, Is.8.33, A.Supp. 388.

2 direct descent, opp. collateral relationship, γένος γάρ, ἀλλ' οὐχὶ συγγένεια Is.8.33
; αἱ κατὰ γένος βασιλεῖαι hereditary monarchies, Arist.Pol. 1285a16, 1313a10.

II offspring, even of a single descendant, σὸν γ. Il.19.124
, 21.186; ἡ δ' ἄρ' ἔην θεῖον γ. οὐδ' ἀνθρώπων 6.180
; ἁμὸν Οἰδίπου γ. A. Th. 654
; Διὸς γ., of Bacchus, S.Ant. 1117 (lyr.); Τέκμησσα, δύσμορον γ. Id.Aj. 784
.

2 collectively, offspring, posterity, ἐκεῖνοι καὶ τὸ γ. τὸ ἀπ' ἐκείνων Th.1.126
; ἐξώλη ποιεῖν αὐτὸν καὶ γ. καὶ οἰκίαν D.19.71
.

III generally, race, of beings, θεῶν Ar.Th. 960
; ἡμιθέων γ. ἀνδρῶν Il.12.23
; ἡμιόνων, βοῶν γ., Il.2.852, Od.20.212; ἵππειον γ., i.e. mules, S.Ant. 342; ἰχθύων πλωτὸν γ. Id.Fr.941.9
.

b clan, house, family, Hdt.1.125, etc.; Φρὺξ μὲν γενεῇ, γένεος δὲ τοῦ βασιληΐου ib.35; τοὺς ἀπὸ γένους men of noble family, Plu.Rom.21; ἱερεὺς κατὰ γ. IG 5(1).497
, al.; also ἱέρεια ἀπὸ γένους, διὰ γένους, ib.607.29,602; esp. at Athens and elsewhere as a subdivision of the φρατρία, Arist.Ath. Fr.3, Pl.Alc.1.120e, etc.; = Lat. gens, D.S.4.21, Plu.Num.1.

c tribe, as a subdivision of ἔθνος, Hdt. 1.56, 101.

d caste, Id.2.164.

e of animals, breed, Id.4.29.

2 age, generation, Od.3.245; γ. χρύσεον, etc., Hes.Op. 109: hence, age, time of life, γένει ὕστερος Il.3.215
, cf. Arist.Rh. 1408a27.

IV sex, Epich.172.1, Pl.Smp. 189d; gender, Arist.Rh. 1407b7, Diog.Bab.Stoic.3.214, etc.

V class, sort, kind, τὰ γ. τῶν κυνῶν ἐστι δισσά X.Cyn.3.1
; τὸ φιλόσοφον γ. Pl. R. 501e
; τὸ τῶν γεωργῶν [γ.] Id.Ti. 17c, cf. R. 434b, Arist.Pol. 1329a27; τῶν ἰχθυοπωλῶν γ. Xenarch.7.4
; τὸ τῶν παρασίτων γ. Nicol.
Com.1.1, etc.

2 in Logic, opp. εἶδος (species), Pl.Prm. 129c, al., Arist.Top. 102a31, 102b12, al.; τὰ γ. εἰς εἴδη πλείω καὶ διαφέροντα διαιρεῖται Id.Metaph. 1059b36
.

3 in the animal kingdom, τὰ μέγιστα γ., = the modern Classes, such as birds, fishes, Id.HA 490b7, cf. 505b26; so in the vegetable kingdom, γένη τὰ μέγιστα, = σιτώδη, χεδροπά and ἀνώνυμα, Thphr.HP8.1.1.

b genus, τὸ τῶν καρκίνων γ., τὸ τῶν περιστερῶν γ., etc., Arist.HA 487b17, 488a4; τῶν δένδρων καὶ τῶν φυτῶν εἴδη πλείω τυγχάνει καθ' ἕκαστον γένος Thphr.HP1.14.3
; τοῦ αὐτοῦ γένους [πίτυς] καὶ πεύκη Dsc. 1.69
, al.

c γένος τι a species of plant, Thphr.HP4.8.13; so later, γένη, = crops, ἄλλοις γένεσι τοῖς πρὸς πυρὸν διοικουμένοις PTeb.66.43
, al. (ii B. C.); οἷς ἐὰν αἱρῶμαι γένεσι πλὴν κνήκου PAmh.2.91.15
(ii A. D.); produce, POxy.727.20 (ii A. D.); materials, ib.54.16 (iii A. D.); ἐν γένεσιν in kind, opp. ἐν ἀργυρίῳ, PFay.21.10 (ii A. D.).

4 τὰ γ. the elements, Pl.Ti. 54b. (Cf. Skt. jánas, gen. jánasas; Lat. genus, -eris, v. γίγνομαι.)

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > γένος
15 εἶπον

εἶπον (root ϝεπ, cf. voco), ἔειπον, iter. εἴπεσκεν, subj. εἴπωμι, εἴπῃσθα, aor. 1 εἶπα, 2 pl. εἴπατε: speak, say; strictly of an utterance with regard to its tenor and ethical expression rather than to the subject-matter (cf. ἔπος); hence the word may signify ‘command’ with foll. inf., εἰπεῖν τε γυναιξὶν | κληῖσαι μεγάροιο θύρᾶς, Od. 21.235; with nearer indication of the feeling, εὐχομενος δ' ἄρα εἶπεν, Od. 7.330; ὀχθήσᾶς δ ἄρα εἶπε, Il. 18.5; εἶπε δ ἄρα κλαίουσα, Il. 19.286; freq. w. obj., ἔπος, μῦθον, ἀγγελίην, etc.; so w. acc. of person named, οὐδ' ἢν Ἀγαμεμνονα εἴπῃς, ‘pronounce the name of,’ ‘name,’ Il. 1.90 ; ἔσται μὰν ὅτ' ἂν αὖτε φίλην γλαυκώπιδα εἴπῃ, i. e. when I shall hear him call me by this name, Il. 8.373, Od. 19.334.

A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > εἶπον
16 σατράπης

σᾰτρᾰπ-ης, or [full] σατράππης CRAcad.Inscr.1931.241 (Susa, i A.D.), ου, ὁ,

A satrap, title of a Persian viceroy or governor of a province, X. Cyr.7.4.2, 8.6.3, SIG182.3 (iv B.C.), Men.897, etc. (in form [full] σαδράπας, IG12(2).645.18 (Nesus, iv B.C.); dat. pl. [full] σαδράπησιν [[pron. full] ?σατράπηςX?σατράπηςX-?σατράπηςX] Ἐφ. Ἀρχ. 1907.27 ([place name] Aranda)); of the five lords of the Philistines, LXX Jd.16.5, al.; of a Roman Governor, Philostr.VS1.22.3. (In Theopomp.Hist.103J. also [full] ἐξατράπης, and in Carian Inscrr. ἐξαιθραπεύω, ἐξαιτραπεύω (qq. v.); in Arr.Fr.10 J. [full] ξατράπης (cf. [full] ζατράπης (leg. ξα-) · ὁ βασιλεύς, Hsch.), which is nearer to the OPers. χšaθ rapāvan- lit. 'kingdom-protector'.)

2 cant word for a rich man, 'nabob', Alex.116.8 (pl.); σ. ἐκ πένητος Luc.Nigr.20
.

3 as culttitle of a god, IGRom.3.1059 (Maad, i B.C.), Paus.6.25.6.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σατράπης
17 ἐγγίων

ἐγγίων, ον, [full] ἔγγιστος, η, ον, [comp] Comp. and [comp] Sup.Adj., formed from Adv. ἐγγύς:—

A nearer, nearest, οὐδὲν ἡμῖν ἐστὶν ἔγγιον ἡμῶν αὐτῶν Procl. in Alc.p.6C.
; ἔτη δέκα τὰ ἔγγιστα IG7.2225.24
([place name] Thisbe): neut. ἔγγιον, ἔγγιστα, as Adv., Hp.Vict.1.35 (also - υτότατα ibid.), 2.44, etc.; ἐξ ἐγγίονος App.BC4.108
; τοὺς ἔγγιστα τῆς Ἀττικῆς τόπους Decr. ap. D.18.165; οἱ ἔγγιστα the next of kin, Antipho 4.4.1; ἔγγιστα approximately, of numbers, Autol.1.6, Vett.Val.153.21, etc.; αἱ ἔγγιστα τᾶς τοῦ ἀμβλυγώνου κώνου τομᾶς asymptotes of the hyperbola, Archim. Con.Sph.Praef.; of Time, next, forthcoming, ἡ ἔγγιστα ἀρίθμησις POxy.1258.7
(i A.D.).

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐγγίων
18 ὑποβιβαστικός

ὑποβῐβ-αστικός, ή, όν,

A purgative, Dsc.4.1, Antyll. ap. Orib.6.34.3. Adv.
-κῶς, μετατιθέναι τὰς ὀξείας
nearer to the end of the word, Eust.980.52
.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑποβιβαστικός
19 ἐγχίδιον

ἐγχίδιον

Grammatical information: ?

Meaning: ἔγγιον (`nearer' adv.?); ἐγχόδια ἀθρόα H.

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: The first would be a crossing of ἐγγύς and ἀγχίδιος, the last of ἐγγύς and ἀγχοῦ, - όθι acc. to Baunack Philol. 70, 379f., which does not explain much. Latte considers them as mistakes.

Page in Frisk: 1,440

Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐγχίδιον
20 πλησίον

⁺ D 61-37-42-28-56=224 Gn 11,3.7; 26,31; Ex 2,13; 11,2

near 4 Mc 8,4; near, adjacent, adjoining (as adj.) Jdt 7,13; (ὁ) πλησίον neighbour Gn 11,3; ἡ πλησίον

(sc. γυνή) neighbour Jer 9,19; ἡ πλησίον fellow, companion Ct 1,9

πλησιέστερον nearer 4 Mc 12,2

*Jgs^A 4,11 καὶ οἱ πλησίον and the companions-וחברי for MT וחבר and Heber; *1 Sm 28,16 τοῦ πλησίον σου your fellow-ך/רע for MT ך/ער your enemy?

Cf. WEVERS 1990 162.534.555

Lust (λαγνεία) > πλησίον

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